References

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Вопросы современной педиатрии

Current Pediatrics

1682-55271682-5535

Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»

10.15690/vsp.v14i5.1436

vsp-1506

Research Article

ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

LITERATURE REVIEW

Нейронопатические мукополисахаридозы: патогенез и будущее терапевтических подходов

Neuronopathic Types of Mucopolysaccharidoses: Pathogenesis and Emerging Treatments

Осипова

Л. А.

Osipova

L. A.

заочный аспирант НЦЗД, врач-невролог консультативного отделения КДЦ НЦЗДАдрес: 119991, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2/62, тел.: +7 (495) 967-14-20

osipova_la@nczd.ru

Кузенкова

Л. М.

Kuzenkova

L. M.

Намазова-Баранова

Л. С.

Namazova-Baranova

L. S.

Геворкян

А. К.

Gevorkyan

A. K.

Подклетнова

Т. В.

Podkletnova

T. V.

Вашакмадзе

Н. Д.

Vashakmadze

N. D.

Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская ФедерацияРоссияScientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian FederationRussian Federation

Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова, Москва, Российская ФедерацияРоссияScientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian FederationRussian Federation

Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова, Москва, Российская Федерация Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова, Москва, Российская ФедерацияРоссияScientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation N.I. Pirogov Russian National Medical Research University, Moscow, Russian FederationRussian Federation

Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова, Москва, Российская ФедерацияРоссияScientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation N.I. Pirogov Russian National Medical Research University, Moscow, Russian FederationRussian Federation

2015

17112015

145539547

2015

Осипова Л.А., Кузенкова Л.М., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Геворкян А.К., Подклетнова Т.В., Вашакмадзе Н.Д.

Osipova L.A., Kuzenkova L.M., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Gevorkyan A.K., Podkletnova T.V., Vashakmadze N.D.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1506

Мукополисахаридозы — группа наследственных заболеваний обмена веществ, относящихся к лизосомным болезням накопления и связанных с дефицитом ферментов, расщепляющих гликозаминогликаны (мукополисахариды). Для тяжелых форм мукополисахаридозов I, II и VII типа и мукополисахаридоза III типа характерно первичное поражение центральной нервной системы и нейродегенеративный характер течения заболевания, проявляющийся регрессом когнитивных функций, нарушениями поведения и уменьшением продолжительности жизни. Нейропатогенез мукополисахаридозов изучен недостаточно. Вопрос о возможности обратного развития повреждений на клеточном уровне остается открытым. Эффективных методов лечения мукополисахаридозов с первичным поражением центральной нервной системы до настоящего времени не разработано. Препараты для ферментозаместительной терапии, вводимые внутривенно, не проникают через гематоэнцефалический барьер и, соответственно, не оказывают влияния на течение нейродегенеративного процесса. Многообещающие результаты демонстрируют доклинические исследования высокодозной, интратекальной и интравентрикулярной ферментозаместительной терапии; применения модифицированного фермента, способного преодолевать гематоэнцефалический барьер; генной, клеточной, субстратредуцирующей терапии; методов считывания через стоп-кодон.

Mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of hereditary metabolic diseases, relating to lysosomal storage disorders and caused by a deficiencyof the enzymes, involved in degradation of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). Severe forms of mucopolysaccharidoses of types I, II and VII and mucopolysaccharidosis of type III are characterised by primary central nervous system damage and neurodegenerative course of the disease with cognitive decline, behavioural abnormalities and decreased lifespan. Neuropathogenesis of mucopolysaccharidoses is not completely studied. The question of reversibility of cellular damage is still open. There is currently no effective treatment for mucopolysaccharidoses with primary central nervous system damage. Intravenous enzyme replacement therapy doesn’t cross the blood-brain barrier and has no influence on neurodegeneration. Investigation of alternative treatment options, providing delivery of therapeutic agent to central nervous system, is currently being carried out. Preclinical studies of highdose, intrathecal, intraventricular enzyme replacement therapy; administration of modified enzyme, capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier; gene, cell therapies, stop codon readthrough approach and substrate reduction therapy show promising results.

нейронопатические мукополисахаридозыгематоэнцефалический барьергенная терапияклеточная терапиясубстратредуцирующая терапия

neuronopathic mucopolysaccharidosisblood-brain barriergene therapycell therapysubstrate reduction therapy

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.