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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v15i4.1584</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-1651</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные проблемы обеспечения орфанными лекарственными средствами и пути их решения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Problems in Provision of Orphan Drugs and Ways to Solve Them</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1919-2909</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колбин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolbin</surname><given-names>Alexei S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической фармакологии и доказательной медицины ПСПбГМУ имени академика И.П. Павлова, профессор кафедры фармакологии медицинского факультета СПбГУ Адрес: 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8, тел.: +7 (921) 759-04-49</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4440-8353</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапешин</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gapeshin</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-347X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышев</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyshev</surname><given-names>Stanislav M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация&#13;
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Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation&#13;
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St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>344</fpage><lpage>351</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колбин А.С., Гапешин Р.А., Малышев С.М., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колбин А.С., Гапешин Р.А., Малышев С.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolbin A.S., Gapeshin R.A., Malyshev S.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1651">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1651</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на то, что орфанные (редкие) заболевания характеризуются очень низкой распространенностью, ими страдает значительное число людей по всему миру. В Соединенных Штатах Америки и Европейском союзе разработаны различные экономические и административные стимулы с целью привлечения фармацевтических компаний к разработке лекарственных средств для лечения редких болезней. Однако оценка их эффективности затруднена ввиду малого объема выборок и сложности организации клинических исследований. При этом средняя стоимость орфанных препаратов в пять раз превосходит таковую у лекарств, используемых в лечении других заболеваний, тем не менее механизмы ценообразования на фармацевтическом рынке остаются плохо изученными.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the fact that orphan (rare) diseases are characterized by a very low prevalence rate, a considerable number of people worldwide suffer from these diseases. The United States and the European Union developed a variety of economic and administrative incentives for pharmaceutical companies to produce orphan drugs, but their effectiveness is difficult to assess because of the small sample volume and complex organization of clinical trials. The average cost of orphan drugs is 5 times greater than that of the drugs used in the treatment of other diseases. Pricing mechanisms on orphan drugs are still poorly understood.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>редкие заболевания</kwd><kwd>орфанные препараты</kwd><kwd>разработка стимулов</kwd><kwd>ценообразование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rare diseases</kwd><kwd>orphan drugs</kwd><kwd>development</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simoens S, Cassiman D, Dooms M, Picavet E. 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