vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v16i1.1692vsp-1728Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWОнтогенез и дизонтогенез микробиоты кишечника у детей раннего возраста: триггерный механизм нарушений детского здоровьяOntogenesis and Dysontogenesis of the Gut Microbiota in Young Children: a Trigger Mechanism of Child Health Disordershttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8717-2539БеляеваИ. А.BelyaevaIrina A.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН, профессор кафедры РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова, заведующая отделением для недоношенных детей ННПЦЗД

belyaeva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6677-2914БомбардироваЕ. П.BombardirovaElena P.МитишМ. Д.MitishMaria D.ПотехинаТ. В.PotekhinaTatyana V.ХаритоноваН. А.KharitonovaNatalia A.Национальный научно-практический центр здоровья детейРоссияNational Scientific and Practical Center of Children’s HealthRussian Federation2017060420171612938Copyright © Беляева И.А., Бомбардирова Е.П., Митиш М.Д., Потехина Т.В., Харитонова Н.А., 20172017Беляева И.А., Бомбардирова Е.П., Митиш М.Д., Потехина Т.В., Харитонова Н.А.Belyaeva I.A., Bombardirova E.P., Mitish M.D., Potekhina T.V., Kharitonova N.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1728

В статье представлен анализ исследований, в которых изучались становление и развитие микрофлоры (микробиоты) кишечника у детей и ее патогенетическая роль. Приведено описание этапов колонизации кишечника младенца, механизмов взаимовлияния микробиот младенца и матери. Показана связь динамики становления микробиоты ребенка с характером вскармливания; отмечена саногенетическая роль грудного вскармливания в отношении микрофлоры младенца. Представлены связь качественных и количественных характеристик микробиоты с отсроченными рисками развития метаболических и аллергических заболеваний. Особое внимание уделено анализу вли-яния антибиотиков на становление микробиоты, в том числе у недоношенных детей. В статье представлены современные подходы к коррекции нарушений кишечной микробиоты препаратами-пробиотиками, обоснованы методы выбора пробиотиков. Одним из таких препаратов является зарегистрированный в России пробиотик, содержащий Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12 и Streptococcus thermophilus, который успешно используется для коррекции дисбиоза у новорожденных младенцев, в т. ч. у недоношенных.

The article analyzes the studies of the formation and development of the gut microflora (microbiota) in children and its pathogenetic role. The stages of colonization of the infant’s intestine and the interaction mechanisms between the child’s and mother’s microbiotasare described. The relationship between the formation dynamics of the child's microbiota and the nature of feeding is shown; a sanogenetic role of breastfeeding in relation to the infant’s microflora is noted. The connection of qualitative and quantitative microbiotacharacteristics with delayed risks of development of metabolic and allergic diseases is described. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the effect of antibiotics on the formation of microbiota, including in preterm infants. The article describes current approaches to the correction of the gut microbiota disorders with probiotic preparations and substantiates the methods for choosing probiotics. One of these preparations is a probiotic registered in Russia and containing B. lactis BB-12 and S. thermophilus, which is successfully used to correct dysbiosis in newborn infants, including in preterm infants.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.