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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v16i5.1806</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-1810</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИНАМИКА РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТИ СЕРОТИПОВ И АНТИБИОТИКОРЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТИ НОСОГЛОТОЧНЫХ ПНЕВМОКОККОВ, ВЫДЕЛЕННЫХ У ДЕТЕЙ В 2010–2016 ГГ.: РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНОГО КОГОРТНОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SEROTYPES AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NASOPHARYNGEAL PNEUMOCOCCI ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN IN 2010–2016: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8077-5313</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маянский</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mayanskiy</surname><given-names>Nikolay A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторным отделом</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mayansky@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алябьева</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyabieva</surname><given-names>Natalia M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7447-0625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куличенко</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulichenko</surname><given-names>Tatiana V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артемова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemova</surname><given-names>Inga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бржозовская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brozhozovskaya</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamina</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Катосова</surname><given-names>Л. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Katosova</surname><given-names>Lyubovj K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>413</fpage><lpage>423</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маянский Н.А., Алябьева Н.М., Пономаренко О.А., Куличенко Т.В., Артемова И.В., Лазарева А.В., Бржозовская Е.А., Шамина О.В., Катосова Л.К., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маянский Н.А., Алябьева Н.М., Пономаренко О.А., Куличенко Т.В., Артемова И.В., Лазарева А.В., Бржозовская Е.А., Шамина О.В., Катосова Л.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mayanskiy N.A., Alyabieva N.M., Ponomarenko O.A., Kulichenko T.V., Artemova I.V., Lazareva A.V., Brozhozovskaya E.A., Shamina O.V., Katosova L.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1810">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1810</self-uri><abstract><p>Пневмококки остаются распространенными возбудителями острых инфекций у детей. Цель исследования: проанализировать динамику структуры серотипов носоглоточных пневмококков и их устойчивость к антибиотикам у детей. Методы. Проведено ретроспективное когортное исследование. Изучали носоглоточные изоляты пневмококков, выделенные в 2010–2016 гг. у детей, получавших стационарную и амбулаторную помощь в Национальном медицинском исследовательском центре здоровья детей (Москва). Серотипирование проводили с помощью специфических антисывороток и/или с применением мультиплексной полимеразной цепной реакции. Чувствительность к оксациллину (OXA), эритромицину (ERY), клиндамицину (CLI), триметоприму/сульфаметоксазолу, хлорамфениколу и тетрациклину определяли диско-диффузионным методом. В 2013–2016 гг. для пенициллина (PEN), амоксициллина (AMX), ERY и CLI исследовали минимальную подавляющую концентрацию. Результаты. Всего исследовано 1111 изолятов, выделенных у детей в возрасте 4 (2,4; 6,5) лет. Идентифицировано 48 серотипов пневмококков, на шесть из них (3, 6А, 6В, 14, 19F и 23F) приходилось 63,2% всех изолятов. С 2010 по 2016 г. структура серотипов не изменилась. При этом 13-валентная пневмококковая конъюгированная вакцина охватывала 74% серотипов у детей в возрасте до 5 лет. Высокой резистентностью отличались пневмококки пяти наиболее распространенных серотипов (6А, 6В, 14, 19F и 23F) и серотипа 19А. Доля OXA-резистентных пневмококков в течение семилетнего периода возросла с 21,3 до 35,9%, ERY-резистентных — с 24,5 до 36,9% (81,3% имели MLSB-фенотип, т. е. устойчивость к макролидам, линкозамидам и стрептограмину В). В 2013–2016 гг. доля PEN- и AMX-резистентных пневмококков составила 34,6 и 3,5% соответственно. Заключение. За последние 7 лет структура серотипов носоглоточных пневмококков у детей не изменилась. Сохраняется высокая чувствительность пневмококков к AMX, отмечается увеличение их устойчивости к макролидам. Последнее ограничивает широкое применение макролидов и линкозамидов для эмпирической терапии пневмококковых инфекций у детей.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Pneumococci (Streptococcus pneumoniae) represent major pathogens that cause acute infections in children. Objective. Our aim was to analyze dynamics of the distribution of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal serotypes and their antimicrobial susceptibility in children. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. We examined nasopharyngeal pneumococci isolated from children getting care at the National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health (Moscow) in 2010–2016. Serotyping was performed using specific antisera and/or by molecular typing employing PCR. Susceptibility to oxacillin (OXA), erythromycin (ERY), clindamycin (CLI), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol, chloramphenicol and tetracycline was tested by the disk diffusion method. In 2013–2016, penicillin (PEN), amoxicillin (AMX), ERY and CLI minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were measured. Results. A total of 1,111 pneumococcal isolates were examined; the sample was obtained from children with a median age of 4 years (P25–P75, 2.4–6.5 years). We identified 48 pneumococcal serotypes; six leading serotypes were serotypes 3, 6А, 6В, 14, 19F and 23F aggregating a proportion of 63.2% in the overall distribution. From 2010 to 2016, the distribution of serotypes has not changed. Wherein, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine covered 74% of serotypes in children under 5 years. The five leading serotypes (6А, 6В, 14, 19F, 23F and serotype 19A) had the highest resistance rate. Within 2010–2016, the proportion of OXA- and ERY-resistant pneumococci grew from 21.3% to 35.9% and from 24.5% to 36.9%, respectively. The majority (81.3%) of ERY-resistant isolates possessed an MLSB-phenotype, i. e. were resistant to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B. In 2013–2016, the rate of PEN- and AMX-resistant pneumococci was 34.6% and 3.5%, respectively. Conclusion. Within the seven year study period, no major shifts in the nasopharyngeal pneumococcal serotype distribution were observed. The pneumococci remained highly susceptible to AMX, but activity of macrolides was significantly reduced. Considering the leading mechanism of macrolide resistance, the use of any macrolides or lincosamides for empiric treatment of pneumococcal infections in children is questionable.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>пневмококк</kwd><kwd>серотип</kwd><kwd>изоляты</kwd><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>динамика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>pneumococcus</kwd><kwd>serotype</kwd><kwd>isolates</kwd><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>dynamics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Croucher NJ, Harris SR, Fraser C, et al. Rapid pneumococcal evolution in response to clinical interventions. 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Epidemiol Vakcinoprofil. 2015;14(2):19–25. (In Russ).]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
