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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v17i3.1890</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-1901</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ МИКРОФЛОРЫ МОЧИ У ДЕТЕЙ С ВНЕБОЛЬНИЧНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ МОЧЕВЫВОДЯЩИХ ПУТЕЙ, ГОСПИТАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ В ПЕРИОД С 1990 ПО 2015 Г.: РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНОЕ СПЛОШНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СЕРИИ СЛУЧАЕВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHANGES IN URINE MICROFLORA IN CHILDREN WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED URINARY TRACT INFECTION ADMITTED TO HOSPITAL BETWEEN 1990 AND 2015: A RETROSPECTIVE FULL-DESIGN STUDY OF CASE SERIES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-0395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdanova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жданова Ольга Александровна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии ВГМУ им. Н.Н. Бурденко.</p><p>394000, Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, д. 10,  тел.: +7 (473) 265-68-47</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olga.vr9@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6096-1784</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Настаушева</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nastausheva</surname><given-names>Tatyana L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0213-9383</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенникова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebennikova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4771-7466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батищева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batishcheva</surname><given-names>Galina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балалаева</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balalaeva</surname><given-names>Irina Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Medical University n.a. N.N. Burdenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>222</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жданова О.А., Настаушева Т.Л., Гребенникова И.В., Батищева Г.А., Балалаева И.Ю., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жданова О.А., Настаушева Т.Л., Гребенникова И.В., Батищева Г.А., Балалаева И.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhdanova O.A., Nastausheva T.L., Grebennikova I.V., Batishcheva G.A., Balalaeva I.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1901">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1901</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучение микробного спектра мочи необходимо для определения особенностей течения инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМВП) и правильного выбора терапевтической тактики.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучить структуру микрофлоры мочи у детей с внебольничной ИМВП и ее изменение в период с 1990 по 2015 гг.</p><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Проведен сплошной анализ историй болезни детей, госпитализированных с ИМВП (пиелонефрит, цистит, инфекция мочевых путей без установленной локализации) в 1990, 2000 и 2015 гг. Изучали результаты трехкратных (подряд) посевов мочи. Диагностически значимым считали выделение микроорганизмов в концентрации ≥ 103 КОЕ/мл для первичных возбудителей, ≥ 103 КОЕ/мл у мальчиков и ≥ 104 КОЕ/мл у девочек для вторичных возбудителей, ≥ 105 КОЕ/мл для сомнительных возбудителей.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Представители семейства Enterobacteriaceae являлись основными возбудителями ИМВП в 1990 (обнаружены в 90,4% образцов из 502), 2000 (в 79,7% из 632) и 2015 гг. (в 67,6% из 801; df = 2, р &lt; 0,001). Самым распространенным микроорганизмом оставалась Escherichia сoli, высеваемость которой снизилась с 79,9% в 1990 г. до 39,5% в 2015 г. (р &lt; 0,001). В период с 2000 по 2015 г. отмечено снижение частоты обнаружения в моче Enterobacter spp. (с 5,9 до 2,5%; p &lt; 0,001) и Citrobacter spp. (с 5,2 до 1%; р &lt; 0,001) и, напротив, увеличение высеваемости Proteus spp. (с 7,8 до 11,7%; р = 0,005), Klebsiella spp. (с 2,8 до 12,9%; р &lt; 0,001) и Enterococcus spp. (с 1,8 до 19,1%; р &lt; 0,001), последних двух — за счет более частого выделения у мальчиков (на 10,5 и 19,9% соответственно).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Преобладающими возбудителями ИМВП у детей в 1990, 2000 и 2015 гг. оставались микроорганизмы семейства Enterobacteriaceae, преимущественно E. coli и Enterococcus spp. Высеваемость E. coli в последнее время значимо снизилась, тогда как Klebsiella spp. и Enterococcus spp. — увеличилась.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. It is necessary to study the microbial spectrum of urine in order to determine the features of the urinary tract infection (UTI) course and to make the right choice of a therapeutic approach. Objective. Our aim was to study the structure of urine microflora in children with community-acquired UTI and its change in the period from 1990 to 2015.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. We conducted a continuous analysis of case histories of children admitted to hospital with UTI (pyelonephritis, cystitis, non-site specific urinary tract infection) in 1990, 2000, and 2015. We studied the results of triple (in succession) urine cultures. Shedding in a concentration of ≥ 103 cfu/ml for primary pathogens, ≥ 103 cfu/ml in boys and ≥ 104 cfu/ml in girls for secondary pathogens, ≥ 105 cfu/ml for doubtful pathogens considered to be a diagnostically significant one.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Members of the family Enterobacteriaceae were the main causative agents of the UTI in 1990 (found in 90.4% of 502 samples), 2000 (in 79.7% of 632 samples), and 2015 (in 67.6% of 801 samples, df = 2, p &lt; 0.001). Escherichia coli remained the most common microorganism, the isolation rate of which decreased from 79.9% in 1990 to 39.5% in 2015 (p &lt; 0.001). In the period from 2000 to 2015, there was a decrease in the frequency of urine detection of Enterobacter spp. (from 5.9 to 2.5%; p &lt; 0.001) and Citrobacter spp. (from 5.2 to 1%; p &lt; 0.001) and, on the contrary, an increase in the isolation rate of Proteus spp. (from 7.8 to 11.7%; p = 0.005), Klebsiella spp. (from 2.8 to 12.9%; p &lt; 0.001) and Enterococcus spp. (from 1.8 to 19.1%; p &lt; 0.001); the latter two — due to more frequent shedding in boys (by 10.5 and 19.9%, respectively).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The Enterobacteriaceae members, mainly E. coli and Enterococcus spp., remained the predominant UTI pathogens in children in 1990, 2000, and 2015. The isolation rate of E. coli has declined significantly in recent years, whereas that of Klebsiella spp. and Enterococcus spp. has increased.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>инфекция мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>моча</kwd><kwd>посев</kwd><kwd>микрофлора</kwd><kwd>Enterobacteriaceae</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>urinary tract infection</kwd><kwd>urine</kwd><kwd>culture</kwd><kwd>microflora</kwd><kwd>Enterobacteriaceae</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Игнатова М.С. 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