References

vsp

Вопросы современной педиатрии

Current Pediatrics

1682-55271682-5535

Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»

10.15690/vsp.v17i6.1974

vsp-1975

Research Article

ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

LITERATURE REVIEW

Генетические аспекты неалкогольной жировой болезни печени

Genetic Aspects of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-1216

Богомолов

П. О.

Bogomolov

Pavel O.

кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий гепатологическим отделом

129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, кор. 1,

+7 (499) 674-07-09,

bpo73@list.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-1483

Кокина

К. Ю.

Kokina

Kseniya Yu.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-3287

Майоров

А. Ю.

Mayorov

Aleksander Yu.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5371-8708

Мишина

Е. Е.

Mishina

Ekaterina E.

Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. ВладимирскогоРоссияVladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical InstituteRussian Federation

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологииРоссияNational Medical Research Centre of Endocrinology,Russian Federation

2018

30012019

176442448

2019

Богомолов П.О., Кокина К.Ю., Майоров А.Ю., Мишина Е.Е.

Bogomolov P.O., Kokina K.Y., Mayorov A.Y., Mishina E.E.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1975

Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) является наиболее часто диагностируемой патологией этого органа. Наблюдается увеличение доли случаев НАЖБП в структуре заболеваний печени у детей и подростков, что напрямую связано с ростом распространенности ожирения. Спектр изменений печеночной ткани при НАЖБП варьирует от доброкачественного стеатоза гепатоцитов до неалкогольного стеатогепатита, фиброза, цирроза печени и гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы. С ростом распространенности НАЖБП у детей мы можем ожидать увеличение числа случаев неблагоприятных исходов среди лиц трудоспособного возраста. Ключевой проблемой НАЖБП остается прогнозирование исходов заболевания. В эпидемиологических и генетических исследованиях показана связь морфологической стадии НАЖБП и наследственных факторов. В настоящее время выделяют три гена, ассоциированных с НАЖБП (PNPLA3, TM6SF2 и GCKR), которые вместе с генами, отвечающими за инсулинорезистентность, депонирование липидов, воспаление и фиброгенез в гепатоцитах, определяют фенотип жировой болезни печени. Предложено современное понимание вопросов генетики, развития стеатоза печени и прогрессирования неалкогольного стеатогепатита. Ожидается, что эти знания могут трансформировать наши стратегии по стратификации риска у пациентов с НАЖБП и способствовать выявлению новых терапевтических целей.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most commonly diagnosed hepatopathy. There is an increase in the incidence of NAFLD in the structure of liver diseases in children and adolescents, which is directly related to the increasing prevalence of obesity. The spectrum of liver tissue changes in NAFLD ranges from benign hepatocellular steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis of the liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma. With the increasing prevalence of NAFLD in children, we can expect an increase in the incidence of adverse outcomes among people of working age. The key problem for NAFLD is the prediction of disease outcomes. In epidemiological and genetic studies, the relationship between the morphological stage of NAFLD and hereditary factors is shown. Currently, there are three genes associated with NAFLD (PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and GCKR), which, together with the genes responsible for insulin resistance, lipid deposition, inflammation and fibrogenesis in hepatocytes, determine the phenotype of fatty liver disease. The article considers the modern understanding of the issues of genetics, development of liver steatosis and progression of NASH. It is expected that this knowledge can transform our risk stratification strategies in patients with NAFLD and help identify new therapeutic goals.

неалкогольная жировая болезнь печенинеалкогольный стеатогепатитгенотипированиеген PNPLA3ген MBOAT7ген TM6SF2ген GCKR

non-alcoholic fatty liver diseasenon-alcoholic steatohepatitisgenotypingPNPLA3 geneMBOAT7 geneTM6SF2 geneGCKR gene

Обзор литературы подготовлен в рамках реализации научной программы, поддержанной грантом Российского научного фонда (проект № 17-15-01475).

The literature review has been prepared as part of the research program supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 17-15-01475).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.