vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v13i1.922vsp-237Research ArticleОБМЕН ОПЫТОМEXCHANGE OF EXPERIENCEАСТМА И ВИРУСНЫЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ У ДЕТЕЙASTHMA AND VIRAL INFECTIONS IN CHILDRENМачарадзеД. Ш.MacharadzeD. Sh.

PhD, professor of the Department of Allergology and Immunopathology of PFUR

dalim_a@mail.ruРоссийский университет дружбы народов, МоскваРоссияPeople’s Friendship University of Russia, MoscowRussian Federation201411012014131Вопросы современной педиатрии124128Copyright © Мачарадзе Д.Ш., 20142014Мачарадзе Д.Ш.Macharadze D.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/237

Вирусы — наиболее распространенные возбудители острых респираторных заболеваний человека — чаще всего вызывают легкие симптомы простуды: кашель, насморк, повышение температуры тела. В то же время у 1/3 детей появляются симптомы поражения нижних дыхательных путей: одышка, свистящее дыхание, сильный кашель, дыхательная недостаточность. Вирус-индуцированные хрипы — это факторы риска развития бронхиальной астмы в раннем детстве. Последние клинические и научные данные позволяют сделать предположение, что чем более тяжело протекают респираторные инфекции вирусной этиологии у детей раннего возраста, тем выше у них риск развития бронхиальной астмы в последующем. Другая особенность состоит в том, что дети с аллергическими формами патологии болеют респираторными вирусными инфекциями намного чаще (и продолжительнее) по сравнению с неатопиками. Использование ибупрофена в качестве жаропонижающего средства является безопасным для детей старше 3 мес, в т.ч. страдающих бронхиальной астмой.

 

респираторные вирусные инфекциивирус-индуцированные хрипыбронхиальная астматемператураибупрофенacute respiratory infectionsvirus-induced wheezingbronchial asthmatemperatureibuprofenReferencesTregoning, J., Schwarze J. Respiratory viral infections in infants: causes, clinical symptoms, virology, and immunology. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2010; 23: 74–98.Tregoning, J., Schwarze J. Respiratory viral infections in infants: causes, clinical symptoms, virology, and immunology. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2010; 23: 74–98.Inoue Y., Shimojo N. Epidemiology of virus-induced wheezing/asthma in children. Front. Microbiol. 2013; 4: 391.Inoue Y., Shimojo N. Epidemiology of virus-induced wheezing/asthma in children. Front. Microbiol. 2013; 4: 391.Nicholson K., Kent J., Ireland D. Respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults. BMJ. 1993; 307 (6910): 982–9986.Nicholson K., Kent J., Ireland D. Respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults. BMJ. 1993; 307 (6910): 982–9986.Grissell T., Powell H., Shafren D., Boyle M., Hensley M., Jones P., Whitehead B., Gibson P. Interleukin-10 gene expression in acute virus-induced asthma. Am. J. Respir. Crit Care Med. 2005; 172 (4): 433–439.Grissell T., Powell H., Shafren D., Boyle M., Hensley M., Jones P., Whitehead B., Gibson P. Interleukin-10 gene expression in acute virus-induced asthma. Am. J. Respir. Crit Care Med. 2005; 172 (4): 433–439.Nafstad P., Bert B., Skrondal A., Nystad Р. Еarly Respiratory Infections, Asthma, and Allergy: 10-Year Follow-up of the Oslo Birth Cohort. Pediatrics. 2005; 116: 255–262.Nafstad P., Bert B., Skrondal A., Nystad Р. Еarly Respiratory Infections, Asthma, and Allergy: 10-Year Follow-up of the Oslo Birth Cohort. Pediatrics. 2005; 116: 255–262.Papadopoulos N., Xepapadaki P., Mallia P., Brusselle G., Watelet J. B., Xatzipsalti M., Foteinos G., van Drunen C. M., Fok kens W. J., D'Ambrosio C., Bonini S., Bossios A., Lztvall J., van Cauwen berge P., Holgate S. T., Canonica G. W., Szczeklik A., Rohde G., Kimpen J., Pitkdranta A., Makela M., Chanez P., Ring J., Johns ton S. L. Mechanisms of virus-induced asthma exacerbations: state-of-the-art. A GA2 LEN and InterAirways document. Allergy. 2007; 62: 457–470.Papadopoulos N., Xepapadaki P., Mallia P., Brusselle G., Watelet J. B., Xatzipsalti M., Foteinos G., van Drunen C. M., Fok kens W. J., D'Ambrosio C., Bonini S., Bossios A., Lztvall J., van Cauwen berge P., Holgate S. T., Canonica G. W., Szczeklik A., Rohde G., Kimpen J., Pitkdranta A., Makela M., Chanez P., Ring J., Johns ton S. L. Mechanisms of virus-induced asthma exacerbations: state-of-the-art. A GA2 LEN and InterAirways document. Allergy. 2007; 62: 457–470.Jackson D., Evans M., Gangnon R., Tisler C., Pappas T., Lee W., Gern J., Lemanske R., Jr. Evidence for a causal relationship between allergic sensitization and rhinovirus wheezing in early life. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 185: 281–285.Jackson D., Evans M., Gangnon R., Tisler C., Pappas T., Lee W., Gern J., Lemanske R., Jr. Evidence for a causal relationship between allergic sensitization and rhinovirus wheezing in early life. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2012; 185: 281–285.Papadopoulos N., Stanciu L., Papi A., Holgate S., Johnston S. A defective type 1 response to rhinovirus in atopic asthma. Thorax. 2002; 57: 328–332.Papadopoulos N., Stanciu L., Papi A., Holgate S., Johnston S. A defective type 1 response to rhinovirus in atopic asthma. Thorax. 2002; 57: 328–332.Kuehni C., Spycher B., Silverman M. Causal links between RSV infection and asthma: no clear answers to an old question. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 179: 1079–1080.Kuehni C., Spycher B., Silverman M. Causal links between RSV infection and asthma: no clear answers to an old question. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 179: 1079–1080.Sigurs N., Aljassim F., Kjellman B., Robinson P.D., Sigurbergsson F., Bjarnason R. Asthma and allergy patterns over 18 years after severe RSV bronchiolitis in the first year of life. Thorax. 2010; 65: 1045–1052.Sigurs N., Aljassim F., Kjellman B., Robinson P.D., Sigurbergsson F., Bjarnason R. Asthma and allergy patterns over 18 years after severe RSV bronchiolitis in the first year of life. Thorax. 2010; 65: 1045–1052.Simoes E. A., Carbonell-Estrany X., Rieger C. H., Mitchell I., Fredrick L., Groothuis J. The effect of respiratory syncytial virus on subsequent recurrent wheezing in atopic and nonatopic children. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2010; 126: 256–262.Simoes E. A., Carbonell-Estrany X., Rieger C. H., Mitchell I., Fredrick L., Groothuis J. The effect of respiratory syncytial virus on subsequent recurrent wheezing in atopic and nonatopic children. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2010; 126: 256–262.Jackson D., Gangnon R., Evans M., Roberg K., Anderson E., Pappas T.E. Wheezing rhinovirus illnesses in early life predict asthma development in high-risk children. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008; 178: 667–672.Jackson D., Gangnon R., Evans M., Roberg K., Anderson E., Pappas T.E. Wheezing rhinovirus illnesses in early life predict asthma development in high-risk children. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2008; 178: 667–672.Williams J., Tollefson S., Heymann P., Carper H., Patrie J., Crowe J. Human metapneumovirus infection in children hospitalized for wheezing. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2005; 115: 1311–1312.Williams J., Tollefson S., Heymann P., Carper H., Patrie J., Crowe J. Human metapneumovirus infection in children hospitalized for wheezing. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2005; 115: 1311–1312.Hasegawa S., Hirano R., Hashimoto K., Haneda Y., Shirabe K., Ichiyama T. Characteristics of atopic children with pandemic H1N1 influenza viral infection: pandemic H1N1 influenza reveals ‘occult’ asthma of childhood. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2011; 22: 119–123.Hasegawa S., Hirano R., Hashimoto K., Haneda Y., Shirabe K., Ichiyama T. Characteristics of atopic children with pandemic H1N1 influenza viral infection: pandemic H1N1 influenza reveals ‘occult’ asthma of childhood. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 2011; 22: 119–123.Kusel M., Kebadze T., Johnston S., Holt P., Sly P. Febrile respiratory illnesses in infancy and atopy are risk factors for persistent asthma and wheeze. Eur. Respir. J. 2012; 39: 876–882.Kusel M., Kebadze T., Johnston S., Holt P., Sly P. Febrile respiratory illnesses in infancy and atopy are risk factors for persistent asthma and wheeze. Eur. Respir. J. 2012; 39: 876–882.Sullivan J., Farrar H. Fever and Antipyretic Use in Children. Pediatrics. 2011; 127: 580–587.Sullivan J., Farrar H. Fever and Antipyretic Use in Children. Pediatrics. 2011; 127: 580–587.Mahar A.F., Allen S.J., Milligan P., Suthumnirund S., Chotpitayasunondh T., Sabchareon A., Coulter J.B.S. Tepid sponging to reduce temperature in febrile children in a tropical climate. Clin. Pediatr. (Phila). 1994; 33: 227–231.Mahar A.F., Allen S.J., Milligan P., Suthumnirund S., Chotpitayasunondh T., Sabchareon A., Coulter J.B.S. Tepid sponging to reduce temperature in febrile children in a tropical climate. Clin. Pediatr. (Phila). 1994; 33: 227–231.Kader A., Hildebrandt T., Powell C. How safe is ibuprofen in febrile asthmatic children? Arch. Dis. Child. 2004; 89: 885–886.Kader A., Hildebrandt T., Powell C. How safe is ibuprofen in febrile asthmatic children? Arch. Dis. Child. 2004; 89: 885–886.Martinez-Gimeno A., Garcнa-Marcos L. The association between acetaminophen and asthma. Should its pediatric use be banned? Exp. Rev. Resp. Med. 2013; 7 (2): 113–122.Martinez-Gimeno A., Garcнa-Marcos L. The association between acetaminophen and asthma. Should its pediatric use be banned? Exp. Rev. Resp. Med. 2013; 7 (2): 113–122.Dimova S., Hoet P., Dinsdale D, Nemery B. Acetaminophen decreases intracellular glutathione levels and modulates cytokine production in human alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes in vitro. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 2005; 37: 1727–1737.Dimova S., Hoet P., Dinsdale D, Nemery B. Acetaminophen decreases intracellular glutathione levels and modulates cytokine production in human alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes in vitro. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 2005; 37: 1727–1737.Beasley R., Clayton T., Crane J. ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Acetaminophen use and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in adolescents: International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase Three. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 183: 171–178.Beasley R., Clayton T., Crane J. ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Acetaminophen use and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in adolescents: International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase Three. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2011; 183: 171–178.Beasley R., Clayton T., Crane J., von Mutius E., Lai C.K., Montefort S., Stewart A.; ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Collaborators (96). Association between paracetamol use in infancy and childhood, and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in children aged 6–7 years: analysis from Phase Three of the ISAAC programme. Lancet. 2008; 372: 1039-1048.Beasley R., Clayton T., Crane J., von Mutius E., Lai C.K., Montefort S., Stewart A.; ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Collaborators (96). Association between paracetamol use in infancy and childhood, and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in children aged 6–7 years: analysis from Phase Three of the ISAAC programme. Lancet. 2008; 372: 1039-1048.McIntyre J., Hull D. Comparing efficacy and tolerability of ibuprofen and paracetamol in fever. Arch. Dis. Child. 1996; 72: 164–167.McIntyre J., Hull D. Comparing efficacy and tolerability of ibuprofen and paracetamol in fever. Arch. Dis. Child. 1996; 72: 164–167.Balabolkin I.I., Macharadze D.Sh. Aspirin-induced asthma in children. Allergologiya = Allergology. 1999; 4: 29–31.Balabolkin I.I., Macharadze D.Sh. Aspirin-induced asthma in children. Allergologiya = Allergology. 1999; 4: 29–31.Macharadze D.Sh. Aspirin and asthma: pediatric aspects. Lechashchii vrach = The attending physician. 2004; 3: 42–45.Macharadze D.Sh. Aspirin and asthma: pediatric aspects. Lechashchii vrach = The attending physician. 2004; 3: 42–45.Koschel D., Weber N., Hiffken G. Tolerability to etoricoxib in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol. 2013; 23: 275–280.Koschel D., Weber N., Hiffken G. Tolerability to etoricoxib in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J. Investig. Allergol. Clin. Immunol. 2013; 23: 275–280.Macharadze D.Sh. Viruses and asthma: more questions than answers. Lechashchii vrach = The attending physician. 2009; 10: 73–76.Macharadze D.Sh. Viruses and asthma: more questions than answers. Lechashchii vrach = The attending physician. 2009; 10: 73–76.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.