<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v13i1.924</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-239</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXCHANGE OF EXPERIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬ И ДЕФИЦИТ ВИТАМИНА D: ЧТО НОВОГО?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>VITAMIN D INSUFFICIENCY: WHAT’S NEW?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, professor, Head of the Pediatrics Department of the Faculty of Pediatrics of Russian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Chief Pediatrician of the Central Federal Region of Russian Federation, Honoured Doctor of Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrieva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яблочкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yablochkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евсеева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evseeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Вопросы современной педиатрии</issue-title><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захарова И.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Яблочкова С.В., Евсеева Е.А., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захарова И.Н., Дмитриева Ю.А., Яблочкова С.В., Евсеева Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Dmitrieva Y.A., Yablochkova S.V., Evseeva E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/239">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/239</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время продолжаются дискуссии по поводу определения точного содержания витамина D в сыворотке крови, но уже существует согласованное мнение, что недостаточность витамина D распространена по всему миру и неблагоприятно воздействует на здоровье людей. Для того, чтобы витамин D обеспечивал все необходимые положительные эффекты на организм человека, следует поддерживать его статус в организме на должном уровне. Именно поэтому так важно правильно оценивать содержание витамина D в крови для своевременной детекции его недостаточности и дефицита.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, scientists are continuing discussions on the definition of the precise level of vitamin D in the blood serum, but there is a consensus that vitamin D insufficiency is common throughout the world and has an adverse effect on human health. To make vitamin D provided all the necessary positive effects on the human body should maintain its status in the body at the proper level. That is why it is important to evaluate the content of vitamin D in the blood for the detection of insufficiency and deficiency.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>витамин D</kwd><kwd>метаболизм и эффекты витамина D</kwd><kwd>недостаточность и дефицит витамина D</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vitamin D</kwd><kwd>metabolism and effects of vitamin D</kwd><kwd>vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holick M.F. Vitamin D deficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007; 357: 266–281.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holick M.F. Vitamin D deficiency. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007; 357: 266–281.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quesada J.M. Insuficiencia de calcifediol. Implicaciones para la salud. Drugs of Today. 2009; 45 (Suppl. A): 1–31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quesada J.M. Insuficiencia de calcifediol. Implicaciones para la salud. Drugs of Today. 2009; 45 (Suppl. A): 1–31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu P.T., Stenger S., Li H., Wenzel L., Tan B.H., Krutzik S.R. et al. Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response. Science. 2006; 311: 1770–1773.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu P.T., Stenger S., Li H., Wenzel L., Tan B.H., Krutzik S.R. et al. Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response. Science. 2006; 311: 1770–1773.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forman J.P., Giovannucci E., Holmes M.D., Bischoff-Ferrari H.A., Tworoger S.S., Willett W.C., et al. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of incident hypertension. Hypertension. 2007; 49: 1063–1069.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forman J.P., Giovannucci E., Holmes M.D., Bischoff-Ferrari H.A., Tworoger S.S., Willett W.C., et al. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of incident hypertension. Hypertension. 2007; 49: 1063–1069.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arnson Y., Amital H., Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and autoimmunity: new aetiological and therapeutic considerations. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2007; 66: 1137–1142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arnson Y., Amital H., Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D and autoimmunity: new aetiological and therapeutic considerations. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 2007; 66: 1137–1142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pilz S., März W., Wellnitz B., Seelhorst U., Fahrleitner-Pammer A., Dimai H.P. et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency with heart failure and sudden cardiac death in a large cross-sectional study of patients referred for coronary angiography. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2008; 93: 3927–3935.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pilz S., März W., Wellnitz B., Seelhorst U., Fahrleitner-Pammer A., Dimai H.P. et al. Association of vitamin D deficiency with heart failure and sudden cardiac death in a large cross-sectional study of patients referred for coronary angiography. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2008; 93: 3927–3935.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giovannucci E., Liu Y., Hollis B.W. et al. 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of myocardial infarction in men: A prospective study. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008; 168: 1174–1180.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giovannucci E., Liu Y., Hollis B.W. et al. 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of myocardial infarction in men: A prospective study. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008; 168: 1174–1180.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dobnig H., Pilz S., Scharnagl H., Renner W., Seelhorst U., Wellnitz B. et al. Independent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008; 168: 1340–1349.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dobnig H., Pilz S., Scharnagl H., Renner W., Seelhorst U., Wellnitz B. et al. Independent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Arch. Intern. Med. 2008; 168: 1340–1349.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Danescu L.G., Levy S., Levy J. Vitamin D and diabetes mellitus. Endocrine. 2009; 35: 11–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danescu L.G., Levy S., Levy J. Vitamin D and diabetes mellitus. Endocrine. 2009; 35: 11–17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kendrick J., Targher G., Smits G., Chonchol M. 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is independently associated with cardiovascular disease in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Atherosclerosis. 2009; 205: 255–260.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kendrick J., Targher G., Smits G., Chonchol M. 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is independently associated with cardiovascular disease in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Atherosclerosis. 2009; 205: 255–260.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garland C.F., Gorham E.D., Mohr S.B., Garland F.C. Vitamin D for cancer prevention: global perspective. Ann. Epidemiol. 2009; 19: 468–483.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garland C.F., Gorham E.D., Mohr S.B., Garland F.C. Vitamin D for cancer prevention: global perspective. Ann. Epidemiol. 2009; 19: 468–483.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ginde A.A., Scragg R., Schwartz R.S., Camargo C.A., Jr. Prospective study of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d level, cardiovascular disease mortality, and all-cause mortality in older U.S. Adults. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2009; 57: 1595–1603.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ginde A.A., Scragg R., Schwartz R.S., Camargo C.A., Jr. Prospective study of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d level, cardiovascular disease mortality, and all-cause mortality in older U.S. Adults. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2009; 57: 1595–1603.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Autier P., Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch. Intern. Med. 2007; 167: 1730–1737.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Autier P., Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch. Intern. Med. 2007; 167: 1730–1737.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huldschinsky K. Heilung von Rachitis durch Kunstliche Hohensonne. Deutsche Med. Wochenschr. 1919; 45: 712–713.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huldschinsky K. Heilung von Rachitis durch Kunstliche Hohensonne. Deutsche Med. Wochenschr. 1919; 45: 712–713.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hess A.F., Unger L.J. The cure of infantile rickets by sunlight. JAMA. 1921; 77: 39–41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hess A.F., Unger L.J. The cure of infantile rickets by sunlight. JAMA. 1921; 77: 39–41.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holick M.F. Vitamin D status: measurement, interpretation, and clinical application. Ann. Epidemiol. 2009; 19 (2): 73–78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holick M.F. Vitamin D status: measurement, interpretation, and clinical application. Ann. Epidemiol. 2009; 19 (2): 73–78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holick M.F. High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2006; 81 (3): 353–373.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holick M.F. High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2006; 81 (3): 353–373.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chun R. F., John S. Adams, Martin Hewison. Back to the future: a new look at ‘old’ vitamin D. J. Endocrinol. 2008; 198 (2): 261–269.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chun R. F., John S. Adams, Martin Hewison. Back to the future: a new look at ‘old’ vitamin D. J. Endocrinol. 2008; 198 (2): 261–269.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chapuy M.C., Preziosi P., Maamer M., Arnaud S., Galan P., Hercberg S., Meunier P.J. Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in an adult normal population. Osteoporosis Int. 1997; 7: 439–443.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chapuy M.C., Preziosi P., Maamer M., Arnaud S., Galan P., Hercberg S., Meunier P.J. Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in an adult normal population. Osteoporosis Int. 1997; 7: 439–443.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holick M.F. Variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay results. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005; 90 (5): 210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holick M.F. Variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay results. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2005; 90 (5): 210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malabanan A.O., Turner A.K., Holick M.F. Severe generalized bone pain and osteoporosis in a premenopausal black female: effect of vitamin D replacement. J. Clin. Densitometr. 1998; 1: 201–204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malabanan A.O., Turner A.K., Holick M.F. Severe generalized bone pain and osteoporosis in a premenopausal black female: effect of vitamin D replacement. J. Clin. Densitometr. 1998; 1: 201–204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heaney R.P., Dowell M.S., Hale C.A., Bendich A. Calcium absorption varies within the reference range for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2003; 22 (2): 142–146.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heaney R.P., Dowell M.S., Hale C.A., Bendich A. Calcium absorption varies within the reference range for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2003; 22 (2): 142–146.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bouillon R. Vitamin D: From photosynthesis, metabolism, and action to clinical applications. In: Endocrinology. L.J. De Groot, J.L. Jameson (eds.). Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2001. P. 1009–1028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bouillon R. Vitamin D: From photosynthesis, metabolism, and action to clinical applications. In: Endocrinology. L.J. De Groot, J.L. Jameson (eds.). Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2001. P. 1009–1028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dawson-Hughes B., Heaney R.P., Holick M.F., Lips P., Meunier P.J., Vieth R. Estimates of optimal vitamin D status. Osteoporos. Int. (Editorial). 2005; 16: 713–716.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dawson-Hughes B., Heaney R.P., Holick M.F., Lips P., Meunier P.J., Vieth R. Estimates of optimal vitamin D status. Osteoporos. Int. (Editorial). 2005; 16: 713–716.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown E.M., Gamba G., Riccardl D., Lombardi M., Butters R., Klfor O. et al. Cloning and characterization of an extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor from bovine parathyroid. Nature. 1993; 366: 575–580.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown E.M., Gamba G., Riccardl D., Lombardi M., Butters R., Klfor O. et al. Cloning and characterization of an extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor from bovine parathyroid. Nature. 1993; 366: 575–580.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holick M.F., Garabedian M. Vitamin D: photobiology, metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. In: Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism. Sixth Edition. Chapter 17. M.J. Favus (ed.). Washington, DC: American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 2006. P. 129–137.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holick M.F., Garabedian M. Vitamin D: photobiology, metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. In: Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism. Sixth Edition. Chapter 17. M.J. Favus (ed.). Washington, DC: American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 2006. P. 129–137.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zakharova I.N., Korovina N.A., Borovik T.E., Dmitrieva Yu.A. Rakhit i gipovitaminoz D — novyi vzglyad na davno sushchestvuyushchuyu problemu. Pos. dlya vrachei [Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiencies - a New Look at the Long-standing Problem. Guideline for Physicians]. Moscow, 2011. 96 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Korovina N.A., Borovik T.E., Dmitrieva Yu.A. Rakhit i gipovitaminoz D — novyi vzglyad na davno sushchestvuyushchuyu problemu. Pos. dlya vrachei [Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiencies - a New Look at the Long-standing Problem. Guideline for Physicians]. Moscow, 2011. 96 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sahota O., Mundey M.K., San P., Godber I.M., Lawson N., Hosking D.J. The relationship between vitamin D and parathyroid hormone: calcium homeostasis, bone turnover, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis. Bone. 2004; 35: 312–319.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sahota O., Mundey M.K., San P., Godber I.M., Lawson N., Hosking D.J. The relationship between vitamin D and parathyroid hormone: calcium homeostasis, bone turnover, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis. Bone. 2004; 35: 312–319.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bischoff-Ferrari H.A., Giovannucci E., Willett W.C., Dietrich T., Dawson-Hughes B. Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2006; 84: 18–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bischoff-Ferrari H.A., Giovannucci E., Willett W.C., Dietrich T., Dawson-Hughes B. Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2006; 84: 18–28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koutkia P., Chen T.C., Holick M.F. Vitamin D Intoxication Associated with an Over-the-Counter Supplement. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001; 345 (1): 66–67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koutkia P., Chen T.C., Holick M.F. Vitamin D Intoxication Associated with an Over-the-Counter Supplement. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001; 345 (1): 66–67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams J.S., Lee G. Gains in bone mineral denisty with resolution of vitamin D intoxication. Ann. Int. Med. 1997; 127: 203–206.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adams J.S., Lee G. Gains in bone mineral denisty with resolution of vitamin D intoxication. Ann. Int. Med. 1997; 127: 203–206.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar J., Muntner P., Kaskel F.J., Hailpern S.M. MLM Prevalence and associations of 25-hydroxyvitamind D deficiency in US children: NHANES 2001-2004. Pediatrics. 2009; 124: 362–370.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar J., Muntner P., Kaskel F.J., Hailpern S.M. MLM Prevalence and associations of 25-hydroxyvitamind D deficiency in US children: NHANES 2001-2004. Pediatrics. 2009; 124: 362–370.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Available at: http://www.aacc.org/events/annualmtgdirectory/Documents/AACC_12_Abstracts_B39-B117.pdf (В-75)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Available at: http://www.aacc.org/events/annualmtgdirectory/Documents/AACC_12_Abstracts_B39-B117.pdf (В-75)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rajah J., Haq A., Pettifor J. M. Vitamin D and calcium status in urban children attending an ambulatory clinic service in the United Arab Emirates. Dermato-Endocrinol. 2012; 4 (1): 1–5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rajah J., Haq A., Pettifor J. M. Vitamin D and calcium status in urban children attending an ambulatory clinic service in the United Arab Emirates. Dermato-Endocrinol. 2012; 4 (1): 1–5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 2010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 2010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Picciano M.F. Nutrient composition of human milk. Pediatr. Clin. North. Am. 2001; 48: 53–67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Picciano M.F. Nutrient composition of human milk. Pediatr. Clin. North. Am. 2001; 48: 53–67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wagner C.L., Greer F.R. American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding, American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of rickets and vitamin D deficiency in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2008; 122 (5): 1142–1152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wagner C.L., Greer F.R. American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Breastfeeding, American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of rickets and vitamin D deficiency in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2008; 122 (5): 1142–1152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weisberg P., Scanlon K.S., Li R., Cogswell M.E. Nutritional rickets among children in the United States: review of cases reported between 1986 and 2003. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004; 80: 1697–1705.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weisberg P., Scanlon K.S., Li R., Cogswell M.E. Nutritional rickets among children in the United States: review of cases reported between 1986 and 2003. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004; 80: 1697–1705.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward L.M., Gaboury I., Ladhani M., Zlotkin S. Vitamin D-deficiency rickets among children in Canada. CMAJ. 2007; 177: 161–166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward L.M., Gaboury I., Ladhani M., Zlotkin S. Vitamin D-deficiency rickets among children in Canada. CMAJ. 2007; 177: 161–166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Environmental Health. Ultraviolet light: a hazard to children. Pediatrics. 1999; 104: 328–333.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Environmental Health. Ultraviolet light: a hazard to children. Pediatrics. 1999; 104: 328–333.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Webb A.R., Kline L., Holick M.F. Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: Exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1988; 67: 373–378.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Webb A.R., Kline L., Holick M.F. Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: Exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1988; 67: 373–378.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Webb A.R., Pilbeam C., Hanafin N., Holick M.F. An evaluation of the relative contributions of exposure to sunlight and of diet to the circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in an elderly nursing home population in Boston. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990; 51: 1075–1081.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Webb A.R., Pilbeam C., Hanafin N., Holick M.F. An evaluation of the relative contributions of exposure to sunlight and of diet to the circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in an elderly nursing home population in Boston. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990; 51: 1075–1081.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lo C.W., Paris P.W., Clemens T.L., Nolan J., Holick M.F. Vitamin D absorption in healthy subjects and in patients with intestinal malabsorption syndromes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.1985; 42: 644–649.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lo C.W., Paris P.W., Clemens T.L., Nolan J., Holick M.F. Vitamin D absorption in healthy subjects and in patients with intestinal malabsorption syndromes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.1985; 42: 644–649.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holick M.F. Vitamin D. In: Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 10th ed. M.E. Shils, M. Shike, A.C. Ross, B. Caballero, R.J. Cousins (eds.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins. 2006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holick M.F. Vitamin D. In: Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 10th ed. M.E. Shils, M. Shike, A.C. Ross, B. Caballero, R.J. Cousins (eds.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins. 2006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malone M. Recommended nutritional supplements for bariatric surgery patients. Ann. Pharmacother. 2008; 42: 1851–1858.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malone M. Recommended nutritional supplements for bariatric surgery patients. Ann. Pharmacother. 2008; 42: 1851–1858.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Compher C.W., Badellino K.O., Boullata J.I. Vitamin D and the bariatric surgical patient: a review. Obes. Surg. 2008; 18: 220–224.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Compher C.W., Badellino K.O., Boullata J.I. Vitamin D and the bariatric surgical patient: a review. Obes. Surg. 2008; 18: 220–224.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Munns C., Zacharin M.R., Rodda C.P., Batch J.A., Morley R., Cranswick N. E., Craig M.E., Cutfield W.S., Hofman P.L., Taylor B.J., Grover S.R., Pasco J.A., Burgner D. and Cowell C.T. Prevention and treatment of infant and childhood vitamin D deficiency in Australia and New Zealand: a consensus statement. MJA. 2006; 185: 268–272.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Munns C., Zacharin M.R., Rodda C.P., Batch J.A., Morley R., Cranswick N. E., Craig M.E., Cutfield W.S., Hofman P.L., Taylor B.J., Grover S.R., Pasco J.A., Burgner D. and Cowell C.T. Prevention and treatment of infant and childhood vitamin D deficiency in Australia and New Zealand: a consensus statement. MJA. 2006; 185: 268–272.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zakharova I.N., Yablochkova S.V., Dmitrieva Yu.A. Famous and unknown effects of vitamin D. Vopr. sovr. pediatrii = Current pediatrics. 2013; 12 (2): 26–31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zakharova I.N., Yablochkova S.V., Dmitrieva Yu.A. Famous and unknown effects of vitamin D. Vopr. sovr. pediatrii = Current pediatrics. 2013; 12 (2): 26–31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
