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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v19i5.2211</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-2495</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Абсолютная нейтропения и развитие инфекций в раннем неонатальном периоде у недоношенных новорожденных: одномоментное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Absolute Neutropenia and Infection Development in Premature Infants in Early Neonatal Period: Cross-Sectional Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8973-7890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>Vladimir E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухин Владимир Евгеньевич, ведущий аналитик отдела анализа и прогнозирования медико-биологических рисков здоровью</p><p>119435, Москва, ул. Погодинская, д. 10, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">muhinvldmr@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1339-4155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкратьева</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankratyeva</surname><given-names>Lyudmila L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милева</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mileva</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0952-2801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярцев</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yartsev</surname><given-names>Mikhael N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2667-8229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Володин</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volodin</surname><given-names>Nikolay N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Centre for Strategic Planning</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачёва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница № 24</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 24</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научный центр «Институт иммунологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific Center «Institute of Immunology»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>352</fpage><lpage>358</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мухин В.Е., Панкратьева Л.Л., Милева О.И., Ярцев М.Н., Володин Н.Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мухин В.Е., Панкратьева Л.Л., Милева О.И., Ярцев М.Н., Володин Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mukhin V.E., Pankratyeva L.L., Mileva O.I., Yartsev M.N., Volodin N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2495">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2495</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. В раннем неонатальном периоде у недоношенных новорожденных отмечается высокий риск развития нейтропении и инфекций. Связь этих событий требует дополнительного изучения.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучить частоту случаев абсолютной нейтропении и инфекционных осложнений у недоношенных новорожденных в раннем неонатальном периоде с оценкой фенотипических и функциональных особенностей нейтрофилов пуповинной крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В исследование включали недоношенных новорожденных (гестационный возраст 25–36 нед) с оценкой по шкале APGAR &lt; 8 баллов на 1-й и 5-й мин жизни. Анализировали частоту случаев абсолютной нейтропении (хотя бы однократно &lt; 1,5109/л) и инфекционных осложнений (локализованные инфекции бактериальной этиологии, ранний неонатальный сепсис) в первые 14 сут жизни. Дополнительно у недоношенных (n = 102) и доношенных новорожденных (n = 30) методом проточной цитофлуорометрии определяли экспрессию нейтрофилами пуповинной крови CD64, CD16, CD32, с использованием FITC-меченых Escherichia coli — их фагоцитарную активность, путем стимуляции нейтрофилов E. coli в присутствии 5 mM дигидрородамина 123 — индекс стимуляции (отношение средней интенсивности флуоресценции, MFI, активированных нейтрофилов в стимулированных образцах и отрицательных контролях, образцы без E. coli).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В группе недоношенных новорожденных эпизоды абсолютной нейтропении в первые 14 сут жизни зафиксированы в 17 случаях, инфекционные осложнения — у 87 детей (у 24 — сепсис). Частота инфекционных осложнений у недоношенных не ассоциировала с частотой эпизодов абсолютной нейтропении. Нейтрофилы пуповинной крови недоношенных новорожденных отличались более высокой экспрессией CD64 и, напротив, более низкой экспрессией CD16, низкой фагоцитарной активностью и величиной индекса стимуляции (во всех случаях p &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Абсолютная нейтропения в раннем неонатальном периоде у недоношенных новорожденных не ассоциирована с высоким риском бактериальных инфекций. Вместе с тем нейтрофилы пуповинной крови недоношенных новорожденных отличаются более низкой функциональной активностью.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Premature infants have high risk of developing of neutropenia and infections in the early neonatal period. The correlation of these events requires further studies.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of absolute neutropenia and infectious complications cases in premature infants in the early neonatal period with estimation of phenotypical and functional features of cord blood neutrophils.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study included premature infants (gestational age 25–36 weeks) with APGAR score &lt; 8 on the 1st and 5th minutes of life. The frequency of absolute neutropenia (at least once &lt; 1.5109/l) and infectious complications (localized infections of bacterial etiology, early neonatal sepsis) cases in the first 14 day of life was analysed. Additionally, we have determined the expression of CD64, CD16, CD32 by cord blood neutrophils in premature (n = 102) and mature infants (n = 30) via method of flow cytofluorometry. We have used FITC labeled Escherichia coli to estimate their phagocytic activity, and stimulation of E. coli neutrophils in the presence of 5 mM of dihydrorhodamine 123 to estimate their stimulation index (ratio of mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of activated neutrophils in stimulated samples and in negative controls, E. coli free samples).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The episodes of absolute neutropenia in the first 14 days of life were recorded in 17 cases, infectious complications — in 87 children (in 24 cases — sepsis) in the group of premature infants. The frequency of infectious complications in premature children did not correlate with the frequency of absolute neutropenia episodes. Cord blood neutrophils in premature infants had higher CD64 expression and, on the contrary, lower CD16 expression, as well as low phagocytic activity and stimulation index value (in all cases p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Absolute neutropenia in premature infants in early neonatal period does not correlate with high risk of bacterial infections. However, cord blood neutrophils in premature infants had lower functional activity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>абсолютная нейтропения</kwd><kwd>недоношенные</kwd><kwd>бактериальные инфекции</kwd><kwd>ранний неонатальный период</kwd><kwd>фагоцитоз</kwd><kwd>Fc-gamma рецепторы</kwd><kwd>кислородный взрыв</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>absolute neutropenia</kwd><kwd>premature</kwd><kwd>bacterial infections</kwd><kwd>early neonatal period</kwd><kwd>phagocytosis</kwd><kwd>Fc-gamma receptors</kwd><kwd>respiratory burst</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Не указан</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chow S, Chow R, Popovic M, et al. A Selected Review of the Mortality Rates of Neonatal Intensive Care Units. 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