vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v12i6.872vsp-254Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESОСОБЕННОСТИ ПИТАНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО И ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГА, ПОДДЕРЖИВАЮЩИЕ НЕГАТИВНЫЕ ПРИРОДНО-ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ РЕГИОНАDIET OF ST. PETERSBURG INFANTS AND PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN AS A FACTOR MAINTAINING NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF THE REGION NATURE AND ECOLOGYБулатоваЕ. М.BulatovaE. M.

Bulatova Elena Markovna, Doctor of Medical Science, Professor, Chief Pediatrician at the North-West Federal District Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Head of the Department of Propaedeutic Diseases in Children at the SBEI HPE St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, MH RF, Vice President of the St. Petersburg branch of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia PA, the Chief Specialist in Children Nutrition of the Health Committee of the Government of St. Petersburg

bulatova2008@gmail.comМаталыгинаО. А.MatalyginaO. A.bulatova2008@gmail.comСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университетРоссияSt. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University,Russian FederationСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университетРоссияSt. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Russian FederationRussian Federation201307122013126Вопросы современной педиатрии3647Copyright © Булатова Е.М., Маталыгина О.А., 20132013Булатова Е.М., Маталыгина О.А.Bulatova E.M., Matalygina O.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/254

Цель исследования: изучить дефекты питания детей раннего и дошкольного возраста, патогенные последствия которых усугубляются неблагоприятным природно-экологическим состоянием Санкт-Петербургского региона. Пациенты и методы: проанализированы рационы питания 119 детей, посещавших детские дошкольные учреждения Санкт-Петербурга с двенадцатичасовым пребыванием (с учетом всего дополнительного питания вне учреждения), из них 53 ребенка — в возрасте 2–3, 66 детей — 4–6 лет. Анализ рациона складывался из оценок фактического питания и обеспеченности пищевыми веществами. Результаты: установлено, что фактическое питание детей раннего и дошкольного возраста значительно отклоняется от рекомендуемых норм и приводит к устойчивому дисбалансу поступления важнейших пищевых веществ. Многие дефекты питания поддерживаются специфическими негативными факторами среды обитания. Совокупное влияние этих воздействий приводит к нарушению развития и росту частоты экозависимых заболеваний детей. Выводы: при организации питания детей, живущих в сложных природно-экологических условиях, должны быть учтены не только возрастные нормы потребления пищевых веществ и энергии, но и погодные характеристики, особенности природных биологических ритмов, специфические геологические показатели.

Aim: to study defects of infants and pre-school children diet, which negative consequences are aggravated by unfavorable nature and ecological conditions of St. Petersburg region. Patients and methods: diet of 119 children (53 — aged from 2 to 3 years old and 66 — from 4 to 6 years old) visiting St. Petersburg pre-school institutions of 12-hours stay (including all additional food outside the institution) was analyzed.  Analysis of diet was formed by assessment of actual nutrition and supply of nutrients. Results: actual diet of infants and pre-school children was found to deviate significantly from recommended standards which lead to long-standing imbalance of the main nutrients intake. Many defects of the diet are maintained by specific negative factors of the habitat. Combined influence of such influence causes disturbances in development and increase of ecology-dependent disorders in children. Conclusions: in organization of nutrition of children living in unfavorable nature and ecology conditions account must be taken not only of age standards of nutrients and calories intake, but weather, nature biological rhythms and specific geological characteristics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.