vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v12i5.792vsp-274Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWПРЕБИОТИКИ КАК ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ КОМПОНЕНТ ПИТАНИЯ РЕБЕНКАPREBIOTICS AS A «FUNCTIONAL» COMPONENT OF CHILD NUTRITIONМакароваС. Г.MakarovaS. G.

Makarova Svetlana Gennadievna, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Department of Healthy and Sick Child Nutrition at SCCH RAMS, Professor of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy at I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

sm27@yandex.ruНаучный центр здоровья детей РАМН, Москва; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. СеченоваРоссияScientific Centre of Children Health, RAMS, Moscow; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian Federation201319092013125Вопросы современной педиатрии817Copyright © Макарова С.Г., 20132013Макарова С.Г.Makarova S.G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/274

В обзоре освещен современный взгляд на микробиоценоз кишечника и возможность влияния на него пребиотическими компонентами пищи. Состояние кишечной микробиоты является важнейшим фактором здоровья ребенка. Как показывают последние исследования, известное постоянство микробиоты каждого индивидуума во многом определено генетически. Кишечная микрофлора оказывает непосредственное влияние на формирование иммунной системы ребенка, обеспечивает защиту от патогенов, участвует во всех видах обмена. При этом кишечный микробиоценоз в свою очередь сам зависит от состояния макроорганизма и экзогенных факторов, важнейшим из которых является питание. По сути, можно говорить о совместной эволюции питания, кишечного микробиоценоза и слизистой оболочки кишечника с ассоциированной с ней лимфоидной тканью. Поступление с питанием ингредиентов, способствующих вегетированию «полезной» флоры, является действенным механизмом «диетического манипулирования» биоценозом кишечника. Подробно рассматриваются биологические эффекты пребиотиков. Олигосахариды грудного молока обладают рядом биологических эффектов, далеко выходящих за рамки пребиотического действия. Однако введение в состав детских молочных смесей и каш пребиотических компонентов с доказанным эффектом также придает этим продуктам профилактические и лечебно-профилактические свойства.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.