vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v20i6.2353vsp-2799Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWСовременные возможности грудного вскармливания недоношенных детей в неонатальном стационареModern Breastfeeding Options for Preterm Children in Neonatal Hospitalhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8717-2539БеляеваИ. А.BelyaevaIrina A.

Беляева Ирина Анатольевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор РАН, заведующая отделом преконцепционной, антенатальной и неонатальной медицины; профессор кафедры факультетской педиатрии педиатрического факультета; врач-неонатолог 

119333, Москва, ул. Фотиевой, д. 10, строен. 1

Moscow

irinaneo@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531Намазова-БарановаЛ. С.Namazova-BaranovaLeyla S.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6677-2914БомбардироваЕ. П.BombardirovaElena P.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4955-0121ТуртиТ. В.TurtiTatiana V.

Москва

Moscow

ПриходькоЕ. А.PrikhodkoEvgeniia A.

Москва

Moscow

НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ЦКБ РАН; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗМРоссияResearch Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in “Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences”; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationНИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ЦКБ РАН; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. ПироговаРоссияResearch Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in “Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences”; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationНИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ЦКБ РАНРоссияResearch Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in “Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences”Russian FederationНИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ЦКБ РАН; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; НИИ организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджментаРоссияResearch Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in “Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences”; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical ManagementRussian FederationМорозовская детская городская клиническая больница ДЗМРоссияMorozovskaya Children’s City HospitalRussian Federation202127122021206474483Copyright © Беляева И.А., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Бомбардирова Е.П., Турти Т.В., Приходько Е.А., 20222022Беляева И.А., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Бомбардирова Е.П., Турти Т.В., Приходько Е.А.Belyaeva I.A., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Bombardirova E.P., Turti T.V., Prikhodko E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2799

Представлен обзор литературы по проблеме организации грудного вскармливания в неонатальных подразделениях стационаров, в том числе отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии новорожденных. Обоснована приоритетность грудного вскармливания для новорожденных с перинатальной патологией, поскольку грудное молоко для них жизненно необходимо в связи с его уникальными саногенетическими свойствами. Приведены доказательства особой профилактической и терапевтической значимости грудного вскармливания для младенцев, рожденных преждевременно. Проанализированы объективные причины, затрудняющие использование грудного молока в неонатальных стационарах, в том числе связанные с недостаточной бактериологической и вирусологической безопасностью нативного материнского молока при методологических ошибках его сбора и использования. Особое внимание уделено обеспечению безопасности грудного вскармливания в условиях пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции: в этот сложный период подтверждается целесообразность сочетания в перинатальных центрах двух стратегий грудного вскармливания — использования как материнского, так и донорского грудного молока. Отдельный раздел обзора посвящен современным технологиям сцеживания грудного молока: применение электрических клинических молокоотсосов является обязательным условием продвижения и поддержки грудного вскармливания в перинатальном центре.

The literature overview on the issue of breastfeeding in neonatal departments, including neonatal intensive care units, is presented. The importance of breastfeeding for newborns with perinatal pathology is justified, as breast milk is vital for these children due to its unique sanogenetic properties. Data on special preventive and therapeutic role of breastfeeding for premature infants is presented. Reasons that complicate the use of breast milk in neonatal hospitals were analyzed (including those related to insufficient bacteriological and virological safety of native breast milk due to methodological errors during its collection and usage). Particular attention was paid to ensuring the breastfeeding safety during new coronavirus infection pandemic. This difficult period has demonstrated and confirmed the expediency of combining two breastfeeding approaches in perinatal centers: use of maternal milk and use of donor breast milk. Another section of review is devoted to modern breast milk processing technologies. Use of electric clinical breast pumps is crucial for promoting and supporting breastfeeding in the perinatal center.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.