vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v12i5.801vsp-283Research ArticleОБМЕН ОПЫТОМEXCHANGE OF EXPERIENCEОСТРЫЕ РЕСПИРАТОРНЫЕ ИНФЕКЦИИ: РАСШИРЕНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ ПРОТИВОВИРУСНОЙ ТЕРАПИИACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS: WIDENING OF POSSIBILITIES OF ANTIVIRAL TREATMENTБулгаковаВ. А.BulgakovaV. A.

Bulgakova Vilya Akhmyatovna, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Scientific Officer of the Department of Forecasting and Planning of Scientific Research

bulgakova@nczd.ruНаучный центр здоровья детей РАМН, МоскваРоссияScientific Centre of Children Health, RAMS, MoscowRussian Federation201319092013125Вопросы современной педиатрии7479Copyright © Булгакова В.А., 20132013Булгакова В.А.Bulgakova V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/283

Проблема эффективного и безопасного лечения и профилактики острых инфекций дыхательных путей является одной из актуальных в клинической педиатрии. В статье рассматривается возможность применения в лечении острых респираторных вирусных инфекций иммуностимулирующего средства с противовирусным действием инозина пранобекса. Приведены данные о механизме комбинированного иммуномодулирующего и противовирусного действия препарата, об эффективности и переносимости при применении у детей. Представленные данные литературы и результаты собственных исследований свидетельствуют, что прием инозина пранобекса ослабляет симптомы острой респираторной инфекции вирусной этиологии, предотвращает осложнения и восстанавливает ослабленный иммунитет, позволяет снизить потребность в назначении других лекарственных средств и медикаментозную нагрузку на организм. Свойства препарата расширяют возможности фармакотерапии острых респираторных вирусных инфекций у детей. Анализ публикаций по результатам изучения эффективности применения, а также собственные данные исследования препарата позволяют рекомендовать инозин пранобекс для лечения острых респираторных инфекций у детей, склонных к частой заболеваемости респираторными инфекциями, пациентов с хронической патологией, в т.ч. с аллергическими болезнями органов дыхания и интеркуррентными острыми респираторными инфекциями.

Problem of effective and safe treatment and prophylaxis of acute respiratory tract infections is one of the most topical problems in clinical pediatrics. In this article the possibility of usage in treatment of acute respiratory viral infections an immunostimulating drug with antiviral action — pranobex. The author describes mechanisms of combined immunomodulatory and antiviral action of this drug, shows data on its efficacy and tolerability in children. The demonstrated data of literature review and the results of the author’s own studies evidenced that administration of inosine pranobex relieved symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection, prevent development of complications and restores the weakened immunity, allows decreasing of the requirements of other drugs and medicinal load to the organism. Characteristics of this drug widen the possibilities of pharmacotherapy of acute respiratory viral infections in children. Anaysis of publications on efficacy of this drug, as well as the author’s own data allow to recommend inosine pranobex for treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in frequently ill children, patients with chronic diseases (including allergic disorders of the respiratory tract) and intercurrent acute respiratory tract infections.

острые респираторные инфекциипротивовирусные препаратыиммунитетиммуномодуляторыинозин пранобексacute respiratory tract infectionsantiviral drugsimmunityimmunomodulatorsinosine pranobexReferencesSamsygina G. A. Sovremennoe Lechenie Ostrykh Respiratornykh Zabolevaniy u Detey [Modern Treatment of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2013; 92 (3): 38–42.Samsygina G. A. Sovremennoe Lechenie Ostrykh Respiratornykh Zabolevaniy u Detey [Modern Treatment of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2013; 92 (3): 38–42.Ovsyannikov D.Yu., Illarionova T.Yu., Pushko L. V., Kuzmenko L. G. Chasto Boleyushchie Deti: Chto Eshche Krome Infektsiy? [Sickly Children: What Else Besides Infections?] Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2013; 12 (1): 74–86.Ovsyannikov D.Yu., Illarionova T.Yu., Pushko L. V., Kuzmenko L. G. Chasto Boleyushchie Deti: Chto Eshche Krome Infektsiy? [Sickly Children: What Else Besides Infections?] Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2013; 12 (1): 74–86.Baranov A. A., Tatochenko V. K., Namazova-BaranovA L. S. Dostizheniya i Problemy Immunoprofilaktiki [Immunization Achievements and Challenges]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk [Annals of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences]. 2011; 6: 21–26.Baranov A. A., Tatochenko V. K., Namazova-BaranovA L. S. Dostizheniya i Problemy Immunoprofilaktiki [Immunization Achievements and Challenges]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi Akademii Meditsinskikh Nauk [Annals of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences]. 2011; 6: 21–26.Baranov A. A., Namazova-Baranova L. S., Il'in A. G. Rossiiskii pediatricheskii zhurnal — Russian Pediatrics Journal. 2013; 5: 4–14.Baranov A. A., Namazova-Baranova L. S., Il'in A. G. Rossiiskii pediatricheskii zhurnal — Russian Pediatrics Journal. 2013; 5: 4–14.Borisova V. N., Bulgakova V. A., Vaneeva N. P. et al. Immunomodulyatory i Vaktsinatsiya [Immunomodulators and Vaccination]. Edited by M. P. Kostinov, I. L. Solovyova. Moscow, 4Mpress Publ., 2013. 272 p.Borisova V. N., Bulgakova V. A., Vaneeva N. P. et al. Immunomodulyatory i Vaktsinatsiya [Immunomodulators and Vaccination]. Edited by M. P. Kostinov, I. L. Solovyova. Moscow, 4Mpress Publ., 2013. 272 p.Kozulina I. S., Samsygina G. A., Isaeva E. I. Metapnevmovirus — Odin iz Lidiruyushchikh Virusov, Vyzyvayushchikh Respiratornye Zabolevaniya u Detey [Metapneumovirus: One of the Leading Viruses that Cause Respiratory Infections in Children]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2011; 90 (2): 108–113.Kozulina I. S., Samsygina G. A., Isaeva E. I. Metapnevmovirus — Odin iz Lidiruyushchikh Virusov, Vyzyvayushchikh Respiratornye Zabolevaniya u Detey [Metapneumovirus: One of the Leading Viruses that Cause Respiratory Infections in Children]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2011; 90 (2): 108–113.Kondratyeva T.Yu. Bokavirus Cheloveka — Nedavno Otkrytyy Virus, Assotsiiruyushchiysya s Ostrymi Respiratornymi Zabolevaniyami [Human Bocavirus: Recently Discovered Virus Associated with Acute Respiratory Diseases]. Epidemiologiya i Vaktsinoprofilaktika [Epidemiology and Vaccination]. 2008; 3: 31–40.Kondratyeva T.Yu. Bokavirus Cheloveka — Nedavno Otkrytyy Virus, Assotsiiruyushchiysya s Ostrymi Respiratornymi Zabolevaniyami [Human Bocavirus: Recently Discovered Virus Associated with Acute Respiratory Diseases]. Epidemiologiya i Vaktsinoprofilaktika [Epidemiology and Vaccination]. 2008; 3: 31–40.Yatsishina S. B., Konovalov A. V., Magkoeva Z. G., Praded M. N., Shelkovskaya L. P., Perevozchikova L. A., Andronova М. М., Gorelov A. V. Laboratornaya Diagnostika v Otsenke Zabolevaemosti Ostrymi Respiratornymi Virusnymi Infektsiyami v Epidemicheskom Sezone 2010–2011 gg [Laboratory Diagnosis in the Evaluation of Acute Respiratory Viral Infections Incidence in the Epidemic Season 2010–2011]. Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii i Immunobiologii [Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology]. 2013; 1: 34–38.Yatsishina S. B., Konovalov A. V., Magkoeva Z. G., Praded M. N., Shelkovskaya L. P., Perevozchikova L. A., Andronova М. М., Gorelov A. V. Laboratornaya Diagnostika v Otsenke Zabolevaemosti Ostrymi Respiratornymi Virusnymi Infektsiyami v Epidemicheskom Sezone 2010–2011 gg [Laboratory Diagnosis in the Evaluation of Acute Respiratory Viral Infections Incidence in the Epidemic Season 2010–2011]. Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii i Immunobiologii [Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology]. 2013; 1: 34–38.Bulgakova V. A., Zubkova I. V. Khlamidiynaya i Mikoplazmennaya Infektsii pri Atopicheskoy Bronkhial'noy Astme u Detey [Chlamydia and Mycoplasma Infections at Atopic Asthma in Children]. Infektsionnye bolezni [Infectious Diseases]. 2008; 6 (3): 56–60.Bulgakova V. A., Zubkova I. V. Khlamidiynaya i Mikoplazmennaya Infektsii pri Atopicheskoy Bronkhial'noy Astme u Detey [Chlamydia and Mycoplasma Infections at Atopic Asthma in Children]. Infektsionnye bolezni [Infectious Diseases]. 2008; 6 (3): 56–60.Savenkova M. S. Mnogolikaya Ostraya Respiratornaya Infektsiya: ot Osnovnykh Vozbuditeley k Vyboru Preparatov [The Many Faces of Acute Respiratory Infection: From Major Pathogens to the Choice of Medications]. Lechashchiy vrach [Doctor in Charge]. 2011; 3: 58–64.Savenkova M. S. Mnogolikaya Ostraya Respiratornaya Infektsiya: ot Osnovnykh Vozbuditeley k Vyboru Preparatov [The Many Faces of Acute Respiratory Infection: From Major Pathogens to the Choice of Medications]. Lechashchiy vrach [Doctor in Charge]. 2011; 3: 58–64.Bulgakova V. A., Balabolkin I. I., Sentsova T. B. Respiratornaya Virusnaya Infektsiya u Detey i Podrostkov s Allergicheskoy Patologiey [Respiratory Virus Infection in Children and Adolescents with Allergic Disorders]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2005; 4 (4): 17–24.Bulgakova V. A., Balabolkin I. I., Sentsova T. B. Respiratornaya Virusnaya Infektsiya u Detey i Podrostkov s Allergicheskoy Patologiey [Respiratory Virus Infection in Children and Adolescents with Allergic Disorders]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2005; 4 (4): 17–24.Zhukova O. B., Ryazantseva N. V., Novitskiy V. V. Virusnaya Persistentsiya: Immunologicheskie i Molekulyarno-Geneticheskie Aspekty [Viral Persistence: Immunological and Molecular Genetic Aspects]. Byulleten' Sibirskoy Meditsiny [Bulletin of Siberian Medicine]. 2003; 4: 113–119.Zhukova O. B., Ryazantseva N. V., Novitskiy V. V. Virusnaya Persistentsiya: Immunologicheskie i Molekulyarno-Geneticheskie Aspekty [Viral Persistence: Immunological and Molecular Genetic Aspects]. Byulleten' Sibirskoy Meditsiny [Bulletin of Siberian Medicine]. 2003; 4: 113–119.Bokovoy A. G. Gerpeticheskie Infektsii kak Vedushchiy Faktor Formirovaniya Vtorichnykh Immunodefitsitov v Detskom Vozraste [Herpetic Infection as a Leading Factor in the Formation of Secondary Immunodeficiencies During Childhood]. Epidemiologicheskie i Infektsionnye Bolezni [Epidemiological and Infectious Diseases]. 2007; 6: 34–39.Bokovoy A. G. Gerpeticheskie Infektsii kak Vedushchiy Faktor Formirovaniya Vtorichnykh Immunodefitsitov v Detskom Vozraste [Herpetic Infection as a Leading Factor in the Formation of Secondary Immunodeficiencies During Childhood]. Epidemiologicheskie i Infektsionnye Bolezni [Epidemiological and Infectious Diseases]. 2007; 6: 34–39.Zamakhina E. V., Fomina V. L., Kladova O. V. et al. KlinikoPatogeneticheskoe Znachenie Persistentsii Respiratornykh Virusov u Chasto Boleyushchikh ORZ Detey [Clinic and Pathogenetic Significance of the Persistence of Respiratory Viruses in Children Frequently Having ARI]. Pediatriya [Pediatrics]. 2009; 87 (3): 42–47.Zamakhina E. V., Fomina V. L., Kladova O. V. et al. KlinikoPatogeneticheskoe Znachenie Persistentsii Respiratornykh Virusov u Chasto Boleyushchikh ORZ Detey [Clinic and Pathogenetic Significance of the Persistence of Respiratory Viruses in Children Frequently Having ARI]. Pediatriya [Pediatrics]. 2009; 87 (3): 42–47.Balabolkin I. I., Sentsova T. B., Bulgakova V. A., Ryleeva I. V. Vliyanie Virusnykh Infektsiy na Sostoyanie Gumoral'nogo i Kletochnogo Immuniteta u Detey s Allergicheskimi Zabolevaniyami [Influence of Viral Infections on the State of Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Children with Allergic Diseases]. Immunologiya [Immunology]. 2005; 26 (1): 21–25.Balabolkin I. I., Sentsova T. B., Bulgakova V. A., Ryleeva I. V. Vliyanie Virusnykh Infektsiy na Sostoyanie Gumoral'nogo i Kletochnogo Immuniteta u Detey s Allergicheskimi Zabolevaniyami [Influence of Viral Infections on the State of Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Children with Allergic Diseases]. Immunologiya [Immunology]. 2005; 26 (1): 21–25.Samsygina G. A. O Retsidiviruyushchey Infektsii Respiratornogo Trakta i Dispansernoy Gruppe Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey [On Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection and Dispensary Group of Sickly Children]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2012; 11 (3): 52–53.Samsygina G. A. O Retsidiviruyushchey Infektsii Respiratornogo Trakta i Dispansernoy Gruppe Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey [On Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection and Dispensary Group of Sickly Children]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2012; 11 (3): 52–53.Spichak Т. V., Katosova L. K., Nisevich L. L. Infektsionnye Faktory v Patogeneze Khronicheskogo Vospaleniya pri Obliteriruyushchem Bronkhiolite u Detey [Infectious Agents in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Inflammation in Children with Obliterating Bronchiolitis]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2001; 5: 31–34.Spichak Т. V., Katosova L. K., Nisevich L. L. Infektsionnye Faktory v Patogeneze Khronicheskogo Vospaleniya pri Obliteriruyushchem Bronkhiolite u Detey [Infectious Agents in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Inflammation in Children with Obliterating Bronchiolitis]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2001; 5: 31–34.Namazova L. S., Botvinyeva V. V., Torshkhoeva R. M., Tagizade T. G. K. Chasto Boleyushchie Deti Megapolisov; Lechenie i Profilaktika Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiy [Sickly Children from Megacities; Treatment and Prevention of Acute Respiratory Infections]. Pediatricheskaya Farmakologiya [Pediatric Pharmacology]. 2005; 2 (1): 3–7.Namazova L. S., Botvinyeva V. V., Torshkhoeva R. M., Tagizade T. G. K. Chasto Boleyushchie Deti Megapolisov; Lechenie i Profilaktika Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiy [Sickly Children from Megacities; Treatment and Prevention of Acute Respiratory Infections]. Pediatricheskaya Farmakologiya [Pediatric Pharmacology]. 2005; 2 (1): 3–7.Karaulov A. V. Immunomodulyatsiya pri Respiratornykh Infektsiyakh: ot Ponimaniya Tseley i Mekhanizmov Deystviya k Klinicheskoy Effektivnosti [Immunomodulation at Respiratory Infections: From Understanding of the Objectives and Action Mechanisms to the Clinical Efficacy]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2012; 11 (3): 62–64.Karaulov A. V. Immunomodulyatsiya pri Respiratornykh Infektsiyakh: ot Ponimaniya Tseley i Mekhanizmov Deystviya k Klinicheskoy Effektivnosti [Immunomodulation at Respiratory Infections: From Understanding of the Objectives and Action Mechanisms to the Clinical Efficacy]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2012; 11 (3): 62–64.Mazankova L. N., Cheburkin A. A. Taktika i Strategiya Etiotropnoy Terapii ORVI i Grippa u Detey [Tactics and Strategy of Causal Treatment of URTI and Influenza in Children]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2009; 8 (6): 126–130.Mazankova L. N., Cheburkin A. A. Taktika i Strategiya Etiotropnoy Terapii ORVI i Grippa u Detey [Tactics and Strategy of Causal Treatment of URTI and Influenza in Children]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2009; 8 (6): 126–130.Sereda E. V., Lukina O. F., Selimzyanova L. R. Mekhanizmy Bronkhial'noy Obstruktsii i Terapevticheskaya Taktika pri Bronkhitakh u Detey [Mechanisms of Bronchial Obstruction and Therapeutic Tactics for Bronchitis in Children]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2010; 89 (5): 77–86.Sereda E. V., Lukina O. F., Selimzyanova L. R. Mekhanizmy Bronkhial'noy Obstruktsii i Terapevticheskaya Taktika pri Bronkhitakh u Detey [Mechanisms of Bronchial Obstruction and Therapeutic Tactics for Bronchitis in Children]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2010; 89 (5): 77–86.Chebotaryova Т. A., Zaplatnikov A. L., Zakharova I. N., Vyzhlova E. N. Sovremennye Vozmozhnosti Interferonoterapii pri Grippe i Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiyakh u Detey [Modern Possibilities of Interferon Therapy against Influenza and Acute Respiratory Infections in Children]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2013; 12 (2): 35–38.Chebotaryova Т. A., Zaplatnikov A. L., Zakharova I. N., Vyzhlova E. N. Sovremennye Vozmozhnosti Interferonoterapii pri Grippe i Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiyakh u Detey [Modern Possibilities of Interferon Therapy against Influenza and Acute Respiratory Infections in Children]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2013; 12 (2): 35–38.Bulgakova V. A., Khanova N. I., Antonova E. V., Molochkova O. V. Lechebno-Profilakticheskaya Effektivnost' Otechestvennogo Protivo virusnogo Preparata v Pediatrii [Therapeutic and Prophylactic Efficacy of Domestic Antiviral Drug in Pediatrics]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2013; 92 (3): 78–85.Bulgakova V. A., Khanova N. I., Antonova E. V., Molochkova O. V. Lechebno-Profilakticheskaya Effektivnost' Otechestvennogo Protivo virusnogo Preparata v Pediatrii [Therapeutic and Prophylactic Efficacy of Domestic Antiviral Drug in Pediatrics]. Pediatriya. Zhurnal imeni G. N. Speranskogo [Pediatrics. Magazine named after G. N. Speranskiy]. 2013; 92 (3): 78–85.Selimzyanova L. R., Promyslova E. A., Vishnyova E. A. Respiratornye Patogeny i Protivoinfektsionnyy Immunitet: Osobennosti Vzaimodeystviya i Vozmozhnosti Terapii Topicheskim Bakterial'nym Lizatom [Respiratory Pathogens and Anti-Infective Immunity: Peculiarities of Interaction and Possibilities of Therapy Using Topical Bacterial Lysate]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2013; 12 (1): 103–107.Selimzyanova L. R., Promyslova E. A., Vishnyova E. A. Respiratornye Patogeny i Protivoinfektsionnyy Immunitet: Osobennosti Vzaimodeystviya i Vozmozhnosti Terapii Topicheskim Bakterial'nym Lizatom [Respiratory Pathogens and Anti-Infective Immunity: Peculiarities of Interaction and Possibilities of Therapy Using Topical Bacterial Lysate]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2013; 12 (1): 103–107.Golebiowska-Wawrzyniak M., Markiewicz K., Kozar A., Derentowicz P., Czerwinska-Kartowicz I., Jastrzebska-Janas K., Waclawek J., Wawrzyniak Z. M., Siwinska-Golebiowska H. Immunological and clinical study on therapeutic efficiacy of inosine pranobex. Pol. Merkur. Lekarski. 2005; 19 (111): 379–382.Golebiowska-Wawrzyniak M., Markiewicz K., Kozar A., Derentowicz P., Czerwinska-Kartowicz I., Jastrzebska-Janas K., Waclawek J., Wawrzyniak Z. M., Siwinska-Golebiowska H. Immunological and clinical study on therapeutic efficiacy of inosine pranobex. Pol. Merkur. Lekarski. 2005; 19 (111): 379–382.Gordon P., Brown E. R. The antiviral activity of isoprinosine. Can. J. Microbiol. 1972; 18 (9): 1463–1470.Gordon P., Brown E. R. The antiviral activity of isoprinosine. Can. J. Microbiol. 1972; 18 (9): 1463–1470.Golebiowska-Wawrzyniak M., Markiewicz K., Kozar A., Derentowicz P., Siwinska-Golebiowska H. The study on therapeutic efficacy of inosine pranobex in children. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2004; 13/54 (Suppl. 2): 33–36.Golebiowska-Wawrzyniak M., Markiewicz K., Kozar A., Derentowicz P., Siwinska-Golebiowska H. The study on therapeutic efficacy of inosine pranobex in children. Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2004; 13/54 (Suppl. 2): 33–36.Campoli-Richards Deborah M., Sorkin Eugene M., Heel Rennie C. Inosine Pranobex: A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs. 1986; 32 (5): 383–424.Campoli-Richards Deborah M., Sorkin Eugene M., Heel Rennie C. Inosine Pranobex: A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs. 1986; 32 (5): 383–424.Cohen A. L., Antonini G. M., Stefano J. C., Spataro R., Genoves M., Buey O., Natelly M. H. C. Clinical study of different viral diseases treated with the syrup dosage form of metisoprinol. La Prensa Medica Argentina. 1973; 60: 267–278.Cohen A. L., Antonini G. M., Stefano J. C., Spataro R., Genoves M., Buey O., Natelly M. H. C. Clinical study of different viral diseases treated with the syrup dosage form of metisoprinol. La Prensa Medica Argentina. 1973; 60: 267–278.Ohnishi H., Kosuzume H., Inaba H., Okura M., Morita Y., Mochizuki H., Suzuki Y. Mechanism of host defense suppression induced by viral infection: mode of action of inosiplex as an antiviral agent. Infect. Immun. 1982; 38 (1): 243–250.Ohnishi H., Kosuzume H., Inaba H., Okura M., Morita Y., Mochizuki H., Suzuki Y. Mechanism of host defense suppression induced by viral infection: mode of action of inosiplex as an antiviral agent. Infect. Immun. 1982; 38 (1): 243–250.Eliseeva M.Yu., Manukhin I. B., Mynbaev O. A., Zvereva N. S., Mishutina A. A., Tsaryov V. N. Protivovirusnyy Effekt Inozina Pranobeksa pri Vpch-Assotsiirovannykh Zabolevaniyakh [Antiviral Effect of Inosine Pranobex at HPV-Associated Diseases]. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya [Obstetrics and Gynecology]. 2012; 2: 107–114.Eliseeva M.Yu., Manukhin I. B., Mynbaev O. A., Zvereva N. S., Mishutina A. A., Tsaryov V. N. Protivovirusnyy Effekt Inozina Pranobeksa pri Vpch-Assotsiirovannykh Zabolevaniyakh [Antiviral Effect of Inosine Pranobex at HPV-Associated Diseases]. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya [Obstetrics and Gynecology]. 2012; 2: 107–114.Khakoo R. A., Watson G. W., Waldman R. H., Ganguly R. Effect of inosiplex (Isoprinosine) on induced human influenza A infection. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1981; 7: 389–397.Khakoo R. A., Watson G. W., Waldman R. H., Ganguly R. Effect of inosiplex (Isoprinosine) on induced human influenza A infection. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 1981; 7: 389–397.Osidak L. V., Zarubaev V. V., Obraztsova E. V., Erman E. S., Drinevskiy V. P. Izoprinozin v Terapii ORVI u Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey [Isoprinosine in the Treatment of URTI in Sickly Children]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2008; 4: 35–41.Osidak L. V., Zarubaev V. V., Obraztsova E. V., Erman E. S., Drinevskiy V. P. Izoprinozin v Terapii ORVI u Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey [Isoprinosine in the Treatment of URTI in Sickly Children]. Detskie Infektsii [Childhood Infections]. 2008; 4: 35–41.Zemskov V. M. Immunomoduliruyushchie Svoystva Preparatov Inozina i Ikh Analogov [Immunomodulating Properties of Inosine Medication and its Analogues]. Uspekhi sovremennoy biologii [Advances in Modern Biology]. 1989; 107 (1): 69–78.Zemskov V. M. Immunomoduliruyushchie Svoystva Preparatov Inozina i Ikh Analogov [Immunomodulating Properties of Inosine Medication and its Analogues]. Uspekhi sovremennoy biologii [Advances in Modern Biology]. 1989; 107 (1): 69–78.Rhodes J. Discovery of immunopotentiatory drugs: current and future strategies. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2002; 130: 363–369.Rhodes J. Discovery of immunopotentiatory drugs: current and future strategies. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 2002; 130: 363–369.Stenzel T., Tykalowski B., Smialek M., Koncicki A., KwiatkowskaStenzel A. The effect of different doses of methisoprinol on the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subpopulation and the antibody titers in pigeons immunised against PPMV-1. Pol. J. Vet. Sci. 2011; 14 (3): 367–371.Stenzel T., Tykalowski B., Smialek M., Koncicki A., KwiatkowskaStenzel A. The effect of different doses of methisoprinol on the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subpopulation and the antibody titers in pigeons immunised against PPMV-1. Pol. J. Vet. Sci. 2011; 14 (3): 367–371.Petrova M., Jelev D., Ivanova A., Krastev Z. Isoprinosine affects serum cytokine levels in healthy adults. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 2010; 30 (4): 223–228.Petrova M., Jelev D., Ivanova A., Krastev Z. Isoprinosine affects serum cytokine levels in healthy adults. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 2010; 30 (4): 223–228.Kozma D., Pokhodzej I. V., Drosz A., Molnar E. Isoprinosine® vs. -interferon in viral infections of the upper respiratory tract. Presented at a Roundtable Symposium on Immunology, Hungarian Immunology Congress. Szeged, Hungary. 1989.Kozma D., Pokhodzej I. V., Drosz A., Molnar E. Isoprinosine® vs. -interferon in viral infections of the upper respiratory tract. Presented at a Roundtable Symposium on Immunology, Hungarian Immunology Congress. Szeged, Hungary. 1989.Wiedermann D., Wiedermannova D., Lokaj J. Immuno resto ration in children with recurrent respiratory infections treated with Isoprinosine. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 1987; 9 (8): 947–949.Wiedermann D., Wiedermannova D., Lokaj J. Immuno resto ration in children with recurrent respiratory infections treated with Isoprinosine. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 1987; 9 (8): 947–949.Hersey P., Bindon C., Bradley M., Hasic E. Effect of Isoprinosine on interleukin 1 and 2 production and on suppressor cell activity in poke weed in mitogen stimulated cultures of B and T cells. Int. J. Immunopharm. 1984; 6 (4): 321–328.Hersey P., Bindon C., Bradley M., Hasic E. Effect of Isoprinosine on interleukin 1 and 2 production and on suppressor cell activity in poke weed in mitogen stimulated cultures of B and T cells. Int. J. Immunopharm. 1984; 6 (4): 321–328.Izmaylova T. D., Radygina T. V., Petrichuk S. V. Mitokhondrial'naya Aktivnost' Populyatsiy Limfotsitov u Zdorovykh Detey Doshkol'nogo i Rannego Shkol'nogo Vozrasta [Mitochondrial Activity of Lymphocyte Populations in Healthy Preschool and Early School Aged Children]. Rossiyskiy Pediatricheskiy Zhurnal [Russian Journal of Pediatrics]. 2007; 1: 11.Izmaylova T. D., Radygina T. V., Petrichuk S. V. Mitokhondrial'naya Aktivnost' Populyatsiy Limfotsitov u Zdorovykh Detey Doshkol'nogo i Rannego Shkol'nogo Vozrasta [Mitochondrial Activity of Lymphocyte Populations in Healthy Preschool and Early School Aged Children]. Rossiyskiy Pediatricheskiy Zhurnal [Russian Journal of Pediatrics]. 2007; 1: 11.Isakov V. A., Belyaeva Т. V., Afanasyeva O. I. Optimizatsiya Protivovirusnoy terapii [Optimization of Antiviral therapy]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2013; 12 (1): 136–140.Isakov V. A., Belyaeva Т. V., Afanasyeva O. I. Optimizatsiya Protivovirusnoy terapii [Optimization of Antiviral therapy]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2013; 12 (1): 136–140.Lo Lacono F., Angello D., Malizia R., Balsamo M. Metisoprinol in the treatment of certain diseases of the upper respiratory tract in children. Aggiornamento Pediatrico. 1982; 33 (1–2): 85–90.Lo Lacono F., Angello D., Malizia R., Balsamo M. Metisoprinol in the treatment of certain diseases of the upper respiratory tract in children. Aggiornamento Pediatrico. 1982; 33 (1–2): 85–90.Robert J., Ghipponi J., Guerrier G., Noiret A., Springer G., Carron R. Prevention des infections respiratoires recidivantes de I’enfant par Isoprinosine. Gasette Medicale. 1987; 94 (45): 60–62.Robert J., Ghipponi J., Guerrier G., Noiret A., Springer G., Carron R. Prevention des infections respiratoires recidivantes de I’enfant par Isoprinosine. Gasette Medicale. 1987; 94 (45): 60–62.Krasnov V., Kulova A., Kulova E., Vorobyova V., Bushuev М., Obryadina A., Astrakhantseva I. Reabilitatsiya v Zakrytykh Detskikh Uchrezhdeniyakh Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey s Markerami Aktivnosti Gerpeticheskikh Infektsiy [Rehabilitation of Frequently Ill Children with Herpes Infections Activity Markers in Closed Institutions for Children]. Vrach [Doctor]. 2007; 12: 68–70.Krasnov V., Kulova A., Kulova E., Vorobyova V., Bushuev М., Obryadina A., Astrakhantseva I. Reabilitatsiya v Zakrytykh Detskikh Uchrezhdeniyakh Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey s Markerami Aktivnosti Gerpeticheskikh Infektsiy [Rehabilitation of Frequently Ill Children with Herpes Infections Activity Markers in Closed Institutions for Children]. Vrach [Doctor]. 2007; 12: 68–70.Abelevich М. М., Ivanova E. L., Lukushkina E. F. Etiopatogenetiches kaya Terapiya Inozinom Pranobeksom u Detey s Oslozhnennym Techeniem Allergicheskikh Zabolevaniy [Inosine Pranobex Etiopathogenetic Treatment of Children with Allergic Diseases Complications]. NMZh [NMJ]. 2008; 1: 60–64.Abelevich М. М., Ivanova E. L., Lukushkina E. F. Etiopatogenetiches kaya Terapiya Inozinom Pranobeksom u Detey s Oslozhnennym Techeniem Allergicheskikh Zabolevaniy [Inosine Pranobex Etiopathogenetic Treatment of Children with Allergic Diseases Complications]. NMZh [NMJ]. 2008; 1: 60–64.Kuprina N. P., Aralova E. V., Matveeva Т. A., Kiryanova L. V., Popova М. V. Optimizatsiya Kompleksnoy Terapii ORVI u Detey [Optimization of Complex URTI Therapy in Children]. Zhurnal Infektologii [Infectology Journal]. 2009; 1 (2): 38.Kuprina N. P., Aralova E. V., Matveeva Т. A., Kiryanova L. V., Popova М. V. Optimizatsiya Kompleksnoy Terapii ORVI u Detey [Optimization of Complex URTI Therapy in Children]. Zhurnal Infektologii [Infectology Journal]. 2009; 1 (2): 38.Markova T. P. Primenenie Immunotropnykh Preparatov v Kompleksnom Lechenii i Vaktsinatsii Detey s Immunodefitsitnymi Sostoyaniyami [Application of Immune Preparations in Complex Treatment and Vaccination of Children with Immunodeficiency]. Avtoreferat-dissertatsiya doktora meditsinskikh nauk [Autoabstract-thesis of Doctor of Medical Science]. Moscow, 2011. 48 p.Markova T. P. Primenenie Immunotropnykh Preparatov v Kompleksnom Lechenii i Vaktsinatsii Detey s Immunodefitsitnymi Sostoyaniyami [Application of Immune Preparations in Complex Treatment and Vaccination of Children with Immunodeficiency]. Avtoreferat-dissertatsiya doktora meditsinskikh nauk [Autoabstract-thesis of Doctor of Medical Science]. Moscow, 2011. 48 p.Eliseeva M.Yu., Tsarev V. N., Masikhi K. N., Osidak L. V., Barinskiy I. F., Tsarev Т. V., Mynbaev O. A. Effektivnost' Vspomogatel'noy Immunoterapii u Patsientov s Immunodefitsitom i Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey: Sistematicheskiy Obzor i Meta-Analiz Primeneniya Inozina Pranobeksa pri ORVI [The Effectiveness of Auxiliary Immunotherapy in Patients with Immunodeficiency and Frequently Ill Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Inosine Pranobex Application at URTI]. RMJ [Russian Journal of Medicine]. 2010; 18 (5): 313–320.Eliseeva M.Yu., Tsarev V. N., Masikhi K. N., Osidak L. V., Barinskiy I. F., Tsarev Т. V., Mynbaev O. A. Effektivnost' Vspomogatel'noy Immunoterapii u Patsientov s Immunodefitsitom i Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey: Sistematicheskiy Obzor i Meta-Analiz Primeneniya Inozina Pranobeksa pri ORVI [The Effectiveness of Auxiliary Immunotherapy in Patients with Immunodeficiency and Frequently Ill Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Inosine Pranobex Application at URTI]. RMJ [Russian Journal of Medicine]. 2010; 18 (5): 313–320.Simovanyan E. N., Badalyants E. E., Sizyakina L. P., Lebedenko A. A., Denisenko V. B., Kim М. A. Sovershenstvovanie Programmy Lecheniya Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiy u Detey [Improving the Treatment Program of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children]. Pediatricheskaya Farmakologiya [Pediatric Pharmacology]. 2013; 10 (1): 83–90.Simovanyan E. N., Badalyants E. E., Sizyakina L. P., Lebedenko A. A., Denisenko V. B., Kim М. A. Sovershenstvovanie Programmy Lecheniya Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiy u Detey [Improving the Treatment Program of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children]. Pediatricheskaya Farmakologiya [Pediatric Pharmacology]. 2013; 10 (1): 83–90.Savenkova M. S., Afanasyeva A. A., Minasyan V. S., Tyurkina S. I. Lechenie Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey so Smeshannoy Infektsiey [Treating Frequently Ill Children with Mixed Infection]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2011; 10 (4): 83–88.Savenkova M. S., Afanasyeva A. A., Minasyan V. S., Tyurkina S. I. Lechenie Chasto Boleyushchikh Detey so Smeshannoy Infektsiey [Treating Frequently Ill Children with Mixed Infection]. Voprosy sovremennoy pediatrii [Current Pediatrics]. 2011; 10 (4): 83–88.Yakupova R.Sh., Skachkova М. A., Choloyan S. B., Karpova E. G. Effektivnost' Immunomoduliruyushchikh Preparatov u Detey s Respiratornymi Zabolevaniyami v Ekologicheski Neblagopoluchnykh Rayonakh [Effectiveness of Immunomodulatory Drugs in Children with Respiratory Diseases in Environmentally Disadvantaged Areas]. Gigiena i Sanitariya [Hygiene and Sanitation]. 2012; 3: 33.Yakupova R.Sh., Skachkova М. A., Choloyan S. B., Karpova E. G. Effektivnost' Immunomoduliruyushchikh Preparatov u Detey s Respiratornymi Zabolevaniyami v Ekologicheski Neblagopoluchnykh Rayonakh [Effectiveness of Immunomodulatory Drugs in Children with Respiratory Diseases in Environmentally Disadvantaged Areas]. Gigiena i Sanitariya [Hygiene and Sanitation]. 2012; 3: 33.Bulgakova V. A., Balabolkin I. I., Sedova М. S., Shmakova С. G., Zubkova I. V., Korol’kova E. L. Kliniko-Immunologicheskaya Effektivnost' Primeneniya Inozina Pranobeksa pri Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiyakh u Detey s Atopicheskoy Bronkhial'noy Astmoy [Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Inosine Pranobex for Acute Respiratory Infections in Children with Atopic Asthma]. Pediatricheskaya farmakologiya [Pediatric Pharmacology]. 2010; 7 (3): 98–105.Bulgakova V. A., Balabolkin I. I., Sedova М. S., Shmakova С. G., Zubkova I. V., Korol’kova E. L. Kliniko-Immunologicheskaya Effektivnost' Primeneniya Inozina Pranobeksa pri Ostrykh Respiratornykh Infektsiyakh u Detey s Atopicheskoy Bronkhial'noy Astmoy [Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Inosine Pranobex for Acute Respiratory Infections in Children with Atopic Asthma]. Pediatricheskaya farmakologiya [Pediatric Pharmacology]. 2010; 7 (3): 98–105.Osidak L. V., Obraztsova E. V. Effektivnost' Molekuly Inozina Pranobeks v Terapevticheskoy i Pediatricheskoy Praktike [Effectiveness of Inosine Pranobex Molecule in the Therapeutic and Pediatric Practice]. Epidemiologiya i Infektsionnye Bolezni. Aktual'nye Voprosy [Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Actual Issues]. 2012; 4: 26–32.Osidak L. V., Obraztsova E. V. Effektivnost' Molekuly Inozina Pranobeks v Terapevticheskoy i Pediatricheskoy Praktike [Effectiveness of Inosine Pranobex Molecule in the Therapeutic and Pediatric Practice]. Epidemiologiya i Infektsionnye Bolezni. Aktual'nye Voprosy [Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. Actual Issues]. 2012; 4: 26–32.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.