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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v12i3.680</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-329</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXCHANGE OF EXPERIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ОСТРОГО СТРЕПТОКОККОВОГО ТОНЗИЛЛОФАРИНГИТА У ДЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CURRENT ASPECTS OF ACUTE STREPTOCOCCAL TONSILLOPHARYNGITIS DIAGNOSTICS IN CHILDREN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Polyakov Dmitrii Petrovich, MD, doctor ofthe Otolaryngological Department of Scientific Center of Children’s Health, RAMS Address: Lomonosovskii prospect, 2, building 1, Moscow, RF, 119991, Tel.: (499) 134-01-92, e-mail: polyakovdp@yandex.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polyakovdp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр здоровья детей РАМН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Вопросы современной педиатрии</issue-title><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Поляков Д.П., 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поляков Д.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polyakov D.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/329">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/329</self-uri><abstract><p>Острый тонзиллофарингит у детей является одной из наиболее частых причин обращения за медицинской помощью. Известно, что большинство острых воспалительных заболеваний ротоглотки имеют вирусную этиологию. Доля бактериальных тонзиллофарингитов у детей, в качестве основного бактериального возбудителя которых рассматривается β-гемолитический стрептококк группы А (БГСА), невелика и не превышает 20–30%. Однако системную антибактериальную терапию назначают 95% пациентов и, таким образом, в большинстве случаев она оказывается необоснованной. С другой стороны, гиподиагностика острого стрептококкового тонзиллофарингита и отказ от антибактериальной терапии при БГСА-инфекции таят в себе риск развития ранних гнойных и поздних аутоиммунных осложнений. Как было продемонстрировано в ряде крупных исследований, ни клиническая картина, ни уровень маркеров воспаления не обладают достаточной чувствительностью и специфичностью для дифференциальной диагностики вирусных и бактериальных тонзиллитов, а, значит, не могут быть достаточным основанием для назначения антибактериальной терапии. Опыт применения ориентировочных клинических шкал (McIsaac и другие) также показал их относительно низкую прогностическую ценность. В связи с этим «золотым стандартом» диагностики острого стрептококкового тонзиллофарингита остается культуральное исследование материала с небных миндалин. Однако недостаточная доступность этого метода, его относительная сложность, высокая стоимость и отсроченность получения результата ограничивают его применение в рутинной практике. Альтернативой культуральному исследованию является экспресс-тест на БГСА, который позволяет определить присутствие антигена этого микроорганизма в материале из ротоглотки. Накопленные мировые данные свидетельствуют о высокой чувствительности и специфичности современных систем экспресс-диагностики БГСА-инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Acute tonsillopharyngitis in children is one of the most common reasons for medical consultations. The majority of acute pharyngeal inflammatory diseases are viral. The frequency of bacterial tonsillopharyngitis in children (the main causative agent is group A Streptococcus, GAS) is about 20–30%. In spite of it antibiotics are prescribed for 95% of patients, thus it is inappropriate. On the other hand misdiagnosis of acute streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis and antibiotics refusal can lead to suppurative and nonsuppurative rheumatic complications. Some prominent trials have shown a poor ability of signs and inflammatory biomarkers to identify tonsillopharyngitis streptococcal vs. viral. So it is impossible to use them as indication for antibiotic. The experience of clinical score use (McIsaac etc.) have also demonstrated a poor prognostic value. As a result the throat swab culture is the «gold standard» of acute streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis. It has such limitations as rare microbiology labs, method technology, the price and the delay in obtaining result. An alternative technique is GAS rapid antigen detecting test (RADT) for the identification of GAS directly from throat swabs. The world data shows a high sensitivity and specificity of modern RADTs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>острый тонзиллофарингит</kwd><kwd>β-гемолитический стрептококк группы А</kwd><kwd>экспресс-тест</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>acute tonsillopharyngitis</kwd><kwd>β-hemolytic Streptococcus group A</kwd><kwd>express-test</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belov B. S. Consillium medicum. Infektsii i antimikrobnaya terapiya — Consilium medicum. Infections and antimicrobial therapy. 2000; 2 (2): 164–168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov B. S. Consillium medicum. Infektsii i antimikrobnaya terapiya — Consilium medicum. 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