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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v22i5.2620</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-3304</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения в гене DSG4 как причина гипотрихоза у ребенка с тяжелым атопическим дерматитом: клинический случай</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DSG4 Gene Variants as a Cause of Hypotrichosis in the Child with Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Clinical Case</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2252-8570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурашкин</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murashkin</surname><given-names>Nikolay N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>детской дерматологии, заведующий отделением дерматологии и аллергологии, заведующий лабораторией патологии кожи у детей отдела научных исследований в педиатрии ФГАУ «НМИЦ здоровья детей» Минздрава России, профессор кафедры дерматовенерологии и косметологии ФГБУ ДПО «ЦГМУ» УДП РФ, профессор кафедры педиатрии и детской ревматологии ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет).</p><p>119991, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 2, стр. 1, тел.: +7 (495) 967-14-20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m_nn2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4107-4642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епишев</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Epishev</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2828-8651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубенко</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubenko</surname><given-names>Olesya D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6034-8231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Материкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Materikin</surname><given-names>Alexander I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0858-8780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Опрятин</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Opryatin</surname><given-names>Leonid A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0081-0981</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-5171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савелова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelova</surname><given-names>Alena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5739-0941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonova</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НМИЦ здоровья детей; Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); ЦГМА<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">НМИЦ здоровья детей<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">РМАНПО<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>425</fpage><lpage>432</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мурашкин Н.Н., Епишев Р.В., Дубенко О.Д., Материкин А.И., Опрятин Л.А., Иванов Р.А., Савелова А.А., Леонова М.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мурашкин Н.Н., Епишев Р.В., Дубенко О.Д., Материкин А.И., Опрятин Л.А., Иванов Р.А., Савелова А.А., Леонова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Murashkin N.N., Epishev R.V., Dubenko O.D., Materikin A.I., Opryatin L.A., Ivanov R.A., Savelova A.A., Leonova M.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3304">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/3304</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Гипотрихоз — наследственная форма алопеции, вызывающая почти полную потерю волос на голове в детском возрасте. Диагноз устанавливается преимущественно на основании анамнеза и клинической картины. Дополнительным методом диагностики, позволяющим выставить диагноз «гипотрихоз» при сомнительной или стертой клинической картине заболевания, а также в ходе углубленной дифференциальной диагностики данного состояния с другими, часто сопутствующими атопическому дерматиту (очаговая и диффузные формы алопеции), является генетическое исследование.</p><p>Клиническая диагностика гипотрихоза у пациентов с тяжелыми дерматозами является сложной задачей. Описание клинического случая. Девочка, возраст 2 года 4 мес, госпитализирована с жалобами на распространенные высыпания на теле, сопровождающиеся выраженным зудом, а также на изменение толщины, качества стержней волос и их выпадение. Диагностированы тяжелый атопический дерматит и гипотрихоз. Диагноз атопического дерматита установлен клинически (SCORAD 65), диагноз гипотрихоза (тип 6, монилетрикс-подобный гипотрихоз) подтвержден молекулярно-генетическим анализом (выявлен нуклеотидный вариант с.1969C&gt;T в экзоне 13 гена DSG4 (OMIM #607892)). У матери, брата и двух сестер пациентки выявлен нуклеотидный вариант chr18:31409487C&gt;T в гетерозиготном состоянии в гене DSG4, у матери и брата без клинических проявлений, у сестер — невыраженное поредение волос на волосистой части головы, бровей и ресниц с рождения. Клинических проявлений атопического дерматита у родителей и остальных детей в семье пациентки нет.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов с коморбидной патологией или тяжелыми дерматозами клиника гипотрихоза может быть стерта, сглажена или имитировать проявление симптомов основного и других сопутствующих заболеваний. Также стоит отметить, что нарушение в определенных генах может утяжелять течение атопического дерматита. В данном случае мутация в гене DSG4 приводит к несостоятельности эпидермального барьера за счет нарушения синтеза трансмембранных компонентов десмосом. Поэтому в подобных случаях необходимы обязательная консультация генетика и генетическое исследование, включающее в себя поиск изменений определенных генов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Hypotrichosis is a heritable form of alopecia that causes almost complete scalp hair loss in childhood. The diagnosis is typically established according to medical history and clinical picture. Genetic testing is an additional diagnostic method that allows to establish “hypotrichosis” in cases of ambiguous or subtle clinical signs of the disease, as well as to perform differential diagnosis of this condition with others commonly associated with atopic dermatitis (focal and diffuse alopecia). Clinical diagnosis of hypotrichosis in patients with severe dermatosis is challenging.</p><p>Clinical case description. The girl, aged 2 years 4 months, was hospitalized with complaints on extended rash on the body with severe itching, and changes in hair thickness, quality of hair shaft, and hair loss. Severe atopic dermatitis and hypotrichosis were diagnosed. The diagnosis of atopic dermatitis was established clinically (SCORAD — 65), the diagnosis of hypotrichosis (type 6, monilethrix-like hypotrichosis) was confirmed via molecular genetic testing (nucleotide variant c.699C&gt;T in exone 13 of the DSG4 gene (OMIM # 607892)). Patient's mother, brother, and two sisters were diagnosed with the nucleotide variant chr18:31409487C&gt;T in heterozygous state in the DSG4 gene. Mother and brother had no clinical manifestations, while both sisters had mild scalp hair damage, as well as eyebrows and eyelashes, since birth. There were no clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis in parents and other children in the family.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Hypotrichosis clinical signs can be subtled, smoothed, or imitate the symptoms of other comorbid conditions, especially in patients with comorbidities or severe dermatosis. Also worth noting is that changes in certain genes can aggravate the course of atopic dermatitis. In this clinical case, mutation in the DSG4 gene leads to epidermal barrier failure by disrupting the synthesis of desmosomes transmembrane components. Thus, geneticist consultation and genetic testing (search for changes in certain genes) are crucial in such cases.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипотрихоз</kwd><kwd>алопеция</kwd><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>ген DSG4</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypotrichosis</kwd><kwd>alopecia</kwd><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>DSG4 gene</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Отсутствует</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Not specified</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toribio J, Quiñones PA. Hereditary hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp. Evidence for autosomal dominant inheritance. 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