vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v12i2.621vsp-347Research ArticleОБМЕН ОПЫТОМEXCHANGE OF EXPERIENCEВозможности коррекции и профилактики нарушений микробиоценоза кишечника у часто болеющих детейPossibilities of Correction and Prophylaxis of Intestinal Microbiocenosis Disorders in Frequently Ill ChildrenСурковА. Н.SurkovA. N.

Contacts: Surkov Andrey Nikolayevich, PhD, MD, senior scientific worker, gastroenterologist of a Department of Restorative Treatment of Children with Diseases of Organs of Digestive System, Scientific Research Institute of Prophylactic Pediatrics and Restorative Treatment, Federal State Budget Institution “Scientific Center of Children’ Health”, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Address: 119991, Moscow, Lomonosovskiy Prospect, 2, bldg. 1, Tel.: (499) 134-02-76, e-mail: dr_sura@mail.ru

dr_sura@mail.ruНаучный центр здоровья детей РАМН, Москва,Scientific Centre of Children Health, RAMS, Moscow201319032013122Вопросы современной педиатрии5965Copyright © Сурков А.Н., 20132013Сурков А.Н.Surkov A.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/347

Особую группу пациентов для педиатра составляют часто и длительно болеющие дети. Тяжело протекающие острые респираторные инфекции, следующие одна за другой, оказывают негативное воздействие на ребенка, способствуют снижению функциональной активности системы иммунитета. Факторами риска частой заболеваемости острыми респираторными инфекциями являются изменения иммунного реагирования организма на фоне неблагоприятных анте- и перинатальных факторов, большого числа контактов с потенциальными возбудителями в начале посещения детских дошкольных учреждений, широких контактов внутри семьи и с окружающими, предрасположенностью к Th2-типу иммунного ответа (аллергии) и длительно текущему воспалительному процессу. Этиотропная терапия острых респираторных инфекций нередко включает антибактериальные средства, которые, однако, отрицательно влияют на состояние кишечной флоры; развивается синдром диспепсии и антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи. Кишечный дисбиоз негативно влияет на гомеостаз, приводит к значительным сдвигам в функциональной активности различных органов и систем. Именно поэтому весьма важным мероприятием в педиатрической практике является коррекция и профилактика дисбактериоза кишечника. В статье представлены основные сведения об эпидемиологии, патогенезе, формах, клинической картине, диагностике и терапии антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи у детей.

Frequently and protractedly ill children constitute a special for pediatricians group of patients. Acute respiratory infections with severe and frequently relapsing course badly affect children’s health and contribute to the decrease of the functional activity of the immune system. Risk factors of the high prevalence of acute respiratory infections are changes in the immune responses at the background of unfavorable ante- and perinatal conditions, numerous contacts with potential causative agents at the beginning of attendance of infant schools, widespread intra- and inter-family contacts as well as susceptibility to Th2 immune response (allergy) and prolonged course of inflammatory process. Etiotropic treatment of acute respiratory infections often includes antibacterial drugs, which, however, have negative effects on intestinal microflora, such as dyspeptic syndrome and antibiotic-induced diarrhea. Intestinal dysbiosis affects homeostasis, leads to significant changes in functional activity of various organs and systems. That is why correction and prophylaxis of intestinal dysbacteriosis is very important in pediatric practice. In this article the main data on epidemiology, pathogenesis, forms, clinical manifestation, diagnostics and treatment of antibiotic-induced diarrhea in children.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.