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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы современной педиатрии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Pediatrics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-5527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1682-5535</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/vsp.v25i3.3058</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsp-4047</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение объема и пневматизации легких у подростков с идиопатическим и нейромышечным сколиозом после хирургической коррекции деформации позвоночника: ретроспективное когортное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in Lung Volume and Pulmonary Ventilation in Adolescents with Idiopathic and Neuromuscular Scoliosis after Surgical Correction of Spinal Deformity: Retrospective Cohort Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2253-2289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Анна Валерьевна, врач-педиатр Клиники детской хирургии и ортопедии </p><p>190961, Санкт-Петербург, Лиговский пр-т, д. 2–4</p><p>тел.: +7 (911) 133-38-80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarova_a09@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9963-3294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershin</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3036-3796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хусаинов</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusainov</surname><given-names>Nikita O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9202-8064</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маслак</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslak</surname><given-names>Оlga S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1342-3278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мушкин</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mushkin</surname><given-names>Аlexandr Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии; Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology; St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт фтизиопульмонологии; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology; Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><elocation-id>164–172</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макарова А.В., Першин А.А., Хусаинов Н.О., Маслак О.С., Мушкин А.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макарова А.В., Першин А.А., Хусаинов Н.О., Маслак О.С., Мушкин А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarova A.V., Pershin A.A., Khusainov N.O., Maslak О.S., Mushkin А.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/4047">https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/4047</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Нейромышечный сколиоз (НМС) является наиболее сложной для коррекции формой заболевания. В отличие от идиопатического сколиоза (ИС), при НМС деформация скелета сочетается с первичной слабостью межреберных мышц и диафрагмы, нарушением кашлевого клиренса и склонностью к гиповентиляции. Результаты хирургической коррекции ИС и НМС в сопоставимых по возрасту и степени деформации позвоночника группах пациентов ранее не изучали.</p><p>Цель исследования — сравнить изменение объемных и плотностных характеристик легочной ткани у подростков с ИС и НМС в результате хирургической коррекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. В исследование включали данные пациентов в возрасте 13–17 лет с ИС и НМС, оперированных в 2021–2024 гг. по поводу грудного/грудопоясничного сколиоза &gt; 40° методом задней инструментальной фиксации. Основной целевой показатель: изменение суммарного объема легких (мл). Дополнительные целевые показатели: изменение объема легких справа и слева (мл), а также доли плотностных зон паренхимы (% зон нормо-, гиповентиляции, ателектатических зон). Объем легких и величину пневматизации легочной ткани измеряли с применением КТ-волюметрии до (не ранее чем за 2 мес) и после операции (не ранее 2 нед и не позднее 3 мес).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Результаты хирургической коррекции деформации позвоночника изучены у 30 пациентов с ИС и 32 с НМС, сопоставимых по полу, возрасту и степени деформации позвоночника (углу Кобба). Исходный суммарный объем легких в группе НМС был ниже, чем при ИС — медиана значений показателя составила соответственно 1084 (639; 1547) и 2041 (1580; 2509) мл (p &lt; 0,001). После операции у пациентов с НМС зафиксировано увеличение суммарного объема на 110 мл (95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) от 28 до 192, p = 0,002), в группе ИС — снижение на 266 мл (95% ДИ от –490 до –42; p = 0,012). При этом у пациентов с НМС увеличилась доля нормовентилируемых зон легких (справа на 16,5%, слева на 15,6%; p &lt; 0,001), сократилась доля зон гиповентиляции (справа на 15,0%, слева на 9,3%; p &lt; 0,001) и ателектазов (справа на 4,8%, слева на 6,9%; p &lt; 0,001). В группе ИС значимых изменений в распределении плотностных зон легких не произошло, кроме уменьшения доли ателектазов слева с 5,1 до 2,3% (p = 0,044).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Хирургическая коррекция сколиоза приводит к разной динамике объемно-плотностных характеристик легких у подростков с НМС и ИС. У первых происходят увеличение суммарного объема легких, рост доли нормовентилируемых зон и уменьшение зон гиповентиляции и ателектазов, у вторых — снижение суммарного объема легких и ателектатических зон без изменения других пневматизационных показателей легких. Основные ограничения исследования — ретроспективный дизайн и анализ динамики объемно-плотностных характеристик легких в раннем послеоперационном периоде.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS) is the most challenging form of the disease to correct. Unlike idiopathic scoliosis (IS), in NMS, skeletal deformity is accompanied by primary weakness of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm, impaired cough clearance, and a tendency toward hypoventilation. The outcomes of surgical correction of IS and NMS in age- and deformity severity-matched patient groups have not been previously studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The aim of the study is to compare changes in volumetric and density characteristics of lung tissue in adolescents with IS and NMS after surgical correction.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. This study included data from patients aged 13–17 years with IS and NMS who underwent posterior spinal instrumentation due to thoracic/thoracolumbar scoliosis &gt;40° between 2021 and 2024. The primary endpoint was the change in total lung volume (mL). Secondary endpoint included changes in right and left lung volumes (mL), as well as the proportion of density-defined lung parenchymal zones (% of normoventilated, hypoventilated, and atelectatic zones). Lung volume and pulmonary ventilation were assessed via CT volumetry before (no earlier than 2 months prior) and after surgery (no earlier than 2 weeks and no later than 3 months after the procedure).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The outcomes of surgical correction of spinal deformity were studied in 30 patients with IS and 32 patients with NMS matched in gender, age, and degree of spinal deformity (Cobb angle). Baseline total lung volume in the NMS group was lower than in the IS group, with median values of 1084 (639; 1547) and 2041 (1580; 2509) mL, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). After surgery, patients with NMS showed an increase in total lung volume of 110 mL (95% confidence interval [CI] 28 to 192, p = 0.002), whereas the IS group showed a decrease of 266 mL (95% CI –490 to –42; p = 0.012). At the same time, the proportion of normoventilated lung zones increased (right lung by 16.5%, left lung by 15.6%; p &lt; 0.001) in patients with NMS, while the proportion of hypoventilated zones decreased (right lung by 15.0%, left lung by 9.3%; p &lt; 0.001), as did the proportion of atelectatic zones (right lung by 4.8%, left lung by 6.9%; p&lt;0.001). In the IS group, no significant changes in the distribution of lung density zones were observed, except for a decrease in the proportion of left-sided atelectasis from 5.1% to 2.3% (p = 0.044).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Surgical correction of scoliosis leads to different dynamics of lung volumetric and density characteristics in adolescents with NMS and IS. There is an increase in total lung volume, an increase in the proportion normoventilated zones, and a decrease in hypoventilated and atelectatic zones in NMS group, while in IS group there is a decrease in total lung volume and atelectatic zones without changes in other pulmonary ventilation parameters. The main limitations of the study are its retrospective design and the analysis of lung volumetric and density characteristics dynamics in early postoperative period.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейромышечный сколиоз</kwd><kwd>идиопатический сколиоз</kwd><kwd>хирургическая коррекция</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>волюметрия легких</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuromuscular scoliosis</kwd><kwd>idiopathic scoliosis</kwd><kwd>surgical correction</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>lung volumetry</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Отсутствует.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Идиопатический сколиоз: клинические рекомендации / Ассоциация травматологов-ортопедов России (АТОР); Ассоциация хирургов-вертебрологов; Союз реабилитологов России. — М.; 2024. — 94 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Idiopaticheskii skolioz: Clinical guidelines. 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