vspВопросы современной педиатрииCurrent Pediatrics1682-55271682-5535Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/vsp.v14i1.1263vsp-82Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫLITERATURE REVIEWСОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ О ВЛИЯНИИ ДЛИННОЦЕПОЧЕЧНЫХ ПОЛИНЕНАСЫЩЕННЫХ ЖИРНЫХ КИСЛОТ НА РАЗВИТИЕ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У ДЕТЕЙMODERN VIEWS ON THE IMPACT OF LONG-CHAIN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD’S NERVOUS SYSTEMМакароваС. Г.MakarovaS. G.

доктор медицинских наук, врач-диетолог, главный научный сотрудник отдела клинических исследований в педиатрии НЦЗД, профессор кафедры аллергологии и клинической иммунологии педиатрического факультета Первого МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова

sm27@yandex.ruВишнёваЕ. А.VishnevaE. A.vishneva@nczd.ruНаучный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова, Российская ФедерацияРоссияScientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian FederationRussian FederationНаучный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская ФедерацияРоссияScientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian FederationRussian Federation201514022015141Вопросы современной педиатрии5563Copyright © Макарова С.Г., Вишнёва Е.А., 20152015Макарова С.Г., Вишнёва Е.А.Makarova S.G., Vishneva E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/82

В статье изложены современные взгляды на роль длинноцепочечных полиненасыщенных кислот (ДЦПНЖК) в развитии и функционировании нервной системы ребенка. Несмотря на то, что ДЦПНЖК необходимы человеку в небольших количествах по сравнению с другими питательными веществами, обеспеченность эссенциальными жирными кислотами на ранних этапах развития ребенка имеет критическое значение не только в детстве, но и в долгосрочной перспективе. Изучение многочисленных функций ДЦПНЖК привело к тому, что достаточное их потребление с пищей в последнее время рассматривается как один из важнейших факторов, определяющих здоровье ребенка и значительно влияющих на созревание, развитие и функционирование нервной системы и органа зрения. Обеспеченность организма активными ДЦПНЖК зависит не только от поступления их предшественников или непосредственно самих кислот с пищей, но и от активности эндогенных десатураз, что обусловлено генетически. Обсуждаются основные факторы, влияющие на обеспеченность ребенка ДЦПНЖК, начиная с внутриутробного периода развития, постнатального периода, раннего детства и в старшем возрасте, а также состояния, связанные с их дефицитом.

 

The article presents current views on the role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) in the development and functioning of the child’s nervous system. Despite the fact that a person needs LCPUFAs in small amounts, if compared with other nutrients, the provision of essential fatty acids in the early stages of the child’s development is critical not only in childhood, but also in the long run. The study of multiple LCPUFA functions leads to the fact that their adequate dietary intake has recently been regarded as one of the most important factors that determine the health of a child and significantly affect the maturation, development and functioning of the nervous system and visual organs. Provision of body with active LCPUFAs depends not only on intake of their predecessors or acids themselves together with food, but also on the activity of endogenous desaturases, which is determined by genes. The article describes the main factors affecting the supply of LCPUFAs to the child’s body in prenatal period of development, postnatal period, early childhood and later life, as well as conditions associated with deficits of LCPUFAs.

 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.