Immunization and Vaccination Coverage of Children in Moscow at Post-Pandemic Period: Cross Sectional Study

Background. The decline in vaccination coverage aggravated during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased vaccine-preventable diseases morbidity. Under the circumstances immunization monitoring according to medical records allows us to reveal any issues in preventive vaccination and increase preventive measures efficacy. Objective. The aim of the study is to examine the immunization and vaccination coverage of children in Moscow according to the national and regional immunization schedules. Methods. Cross sectional comparative study was based on examination of 600 medical records of children: group 1 — children aged from 6 months to 11 months and 29 days; group 2 — from 2 years to 4 years 11 months and 29 days; group 3 — from 6 years to 8 years 11 months and 29 days; group 4 — from 14 years to 15 years 11 months and 29 days. Results. BCG-M immunization rates in all age groups were 97.4% and higher. High immunization level was noted among adolescents against measles, rubella, and parotitis — 97.3%, hepatitis B — 95.3%, viral poliomyelitis in children 6-8 years old — 88.7%, and 14-15 years old — 98.7%. The overall immunization level against other infections is low: against pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus — 64.5%, pneumococcal disease — 42.3%, hemophilic infection type b — 29.5%, rotavirus infection — 26.1%, influenza — 23.8%, varicella — 6.2%, hepatitis A — 4.2%, meningococcal infection — 3.9%. Conclusion. Vaccination coverage against tuberculosis among children of all ages in Moscow reaches almost 100%. High level of immunization and vaccination coverage was established in adolescents against hepatitis B, measles, rubella, and parotitis; vaccination rates against these infections in young children were characterized as insufficient. However, immunization and vaccination coverage against all infections from the national immunization schedule are statistically significantly higher than similar levels from 2018-2019, before COVID-19 pandemic. The level of vaccination according to the regional calendar of preventive vaccinations is insufficient for all infections.

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