Врожденные пороки сердца у детей: распространенность, факторы риска, смертность
Аннотация
Врожденные пороки сердца (ВПС) — одни из наиболее распространенных пороков развития у детей — остаются ведущей причиной смерти в младшей возрастной популяции. В обзоре приведена мировая статистика распространенности и смертности при ВПС, а также рассмотрены причины вариабельности эпидемиологических данных. Обсуждается ассоциация ВПС с пороками других органов и систем. Показана роль различных факторов риска в формировании ВПС у плода.
Ключевые слова
Об авторах
Е. В. Саперова
Уральский государственный медицинский университет
Россия
Россия
заочный аспирант кафедры госпитальной педиатрии,
620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3
И. В. Вахлова
Уральский государственный медицинский университет
Россия
Екатеринбург
Россия
Екатеринбург
Список литературы
1. Mitchell SC, Korones SB, Berendes HW. Congenital heart disease in 56,109 births. Incidence and natural history. Circulation. 1971;43:323–332. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.43.3.323.
2. Hoffman JI, Kaplan S. The incidence of congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39(12):1890–1900. doi: 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)01886-7.
3. Rao PS. Diagnosis and management of cyanotic congenital heart disease: part I. Indian J Pediatr. 2009;76(1):57–70. doi: 10.1007/s12098-009-0030-4.
4. Jenkins KJ, Correa A, Feinstein JA, et al. Noninherited risk factors and congenital cardiovascular defects: current knowledge: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young: endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Circulation. 2007;115(23):2995–3014. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.183216.
5. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Friday G, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics — 2007 update. Circulation. 2007;115(5):e69–e171. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.179918. Erratum in Circulation. 2007 Feb 6;115(5):e172. Circulation. 2010 Jul 6;122(1):e9. Kissela, Bret [corrected to Kissela, Brett].
6. Krasuski RA, Bashore TM. Congenital heart disease epidemiology in the United States: blindly feeling for the charging elephant. Circulation. 2016;134(2):110–113. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023370.
7. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;133(4):е38–360. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350.
8. eurocat-network.eu [Internet]. Cases and prevalence (per 10,000 births) for all full member registries from 2010 to 2014 [cited 2017 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.eurocat-network.eu/accessprevalencedata/prevalencetables.
9. Hoffman JI, Kaplan S, Liberthson RR. Prevalence of congenital heart disease. Am Heart J. 2004;147(3):425–439. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2003.05.003.
10. Becker S, Al Halees Z. First-cousin matings and congenital heart disease in Saudi Arabia. Community Genet. 1999;2(2–3):69–73. doi: 10.1159/000016189.
11. van der Linde D, Konings EE, Slager MA, et al. Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(21):2241–2247. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.025.
12. Кардиология детского возраста / Под ред. Царегородцева А.Д., Белозерова Ю.М., Брегель Л.В. — М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2014. — 784 с. [Kardiologiya detskogo vozrasta. Ed by Tsaregorodtsev A.D., Belozerov Yu.M., Bregel' L.V. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2014. 784 p. (In Russ).]
13. Marelli AJ, Mackie AS, Ionescu-Ittu R et al. Congenital heart disease in the general population: changing prevalence and age distribution. Circulation. 2007;115(2):163–172. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.627224.
14. Клинические рекомендации по ведению детей с врожденными пороками сердца / Под ред. Бокерия Л.А. — М.: НЦССХ им. А.Н. Бакулева; 2014. — 342 с. [Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po vedeniyu detei s vrozhdennymi porokami serdtsa. Ed by Bokeriya L.A. Moscow: NCSSH im. A.N. Bakuleva; 2014. 342 p. (In Russ).]
15. Yang XY, Li XF, Lu XD, Liu YL. Incidence of congenital heart disease in Beijing, China. Chin Med J (Engl). 2009;122(10):1128–1132.
16. Bhardwaj R, Rai SK, Yadav AK, et al. Epidemiology of congenital heart disease in India. Congenit Heart Dis. 2015;10(5):437–446. doi: 10.1111/chd.12220.
17. Alenezi AM, Albawardi NM, Ali A, et al. The epidemiology of congenital heart diseases in Saudi Arabia: а systematic review. J Pub Health Epidemiol. 2015;7(7):232–240. doi: 10.5897/JPHE2015.0723.
18. Мутафьян О.А. Детская кардиология. Руководство. — М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2009. — 504 с. [Mutaf'yan OA. Detskaya kardiologiya. Rukovodstvo. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2008. 504 p. (In Russ).]
19. bionocar.org [Internet]. British and Irish Network of Congenital Anomaly Researchers [cited 2017 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.bionocar.org/.
20. phac-aspc.gc.ca [Internet]. Canadian Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Network [cited 2017 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ccasn-rcsac/index-eng.php.
21. unsw.edu.au [Internet]. Australian Congenital Anomalies Monitoring System [cited 2017 Apr 19]. Available from: https://npesu.unsw.edu.au.
22. Минайчева Л.И. Генетико-эпидемиологическое исследование врожденных пороков развития в сибирских популяциях: мониторинг, медико-генетическое консультирование, диспансеризация: Дис. ... докт. мед. наук. — Томск; 2014. [Minaicheva LI. Genetiko-epidemiologicheskoe issledovanie vrozhdennykh porokov razvitiya v sibirskikh populyatsiyakh: monitoring, mediko-geneticheskoe konsul'tirovanie, dispanserizatsiya. [dissertation] Tomsk; 2014. (In Russ).] Доступно по: http://www.medgenetics.ru/UserFile/File/Doc/Diss_sovet/Minaycheva/Disser-Minaycheva.pdf. Ссылка активна на 19.04.2017.
23. icbdsr.org [Internet]. The International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research [cited 2017 Apr 19]. Available from: https://www.icbdsr.org.
24. Miller A, Riehle-Colarusso T, Alverson CJ, et al. Congenital heart defects and major structural noncardiac anomalies, Atlanta, Georgia, 1968 to 2005. J Pediatr. 2011;159(1):70–78. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.12.051.
25. Hrusca A, Cainap S, Rachisan AL, et al. Congenital heart defects and associated comorbidities — 5 years of experience. HVM Bioflux. 2013;5(2):62–65.
26. Guser S, Ince T, Kale G, et al. Noncardiac malformations in congenital heart disease: a retrospective analysis of 305 pediatric autopsies. Turk J Pediatr. 2005;47(2):159–166.
27. Meberg A, Hals J, Thaulow E. Congenital heart defects — chromosomal anomalies, syndromes and extracardiac malformations. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96(8):1142–1145. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00381.x.
28. Hartman RJ, Rasmussen SA, Botto LD, et al. The contribution of chromosomal abnormalities to congenital heart defects: a population-based study. Pediatr Cardiol. 2011;32(8):1147–1157. doi: 10.1007/s00246-011-0034-5.
29. Asim A, Agarwal S, Panigrahi I. Frequency of congenital heart defects in indian children with down syndrome. Austin J Genet Genomic Res. 2016;3(1):1–3.
30. Czeizel AE, Dudas I, Vereczkey A, Banhidy F. Folate deficiency and folic acid supplementation: the prevention of neural-tube defects and congenital heart defects. Nutrients. 2013;5(11):4760-4775. doi: 10.3390/nu5114760.
31. Feng Y, Wang S, Chen R, et al. Maternal folic acid supplementation and the risk of congenital heart defects in offspring: a meta-analysis of epidemiological observational studies. Sci Rep. 2015;5:8506. doi: 10.1038/srep08506.
32. Goh YI, Bollano E, Einarson TR, Koren G. Prenatal multivitamin supplementation and rates of congenital anomalies: а metaanalysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2006;28(8):680–689. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)32227-7.
33. Rouse B, Azen C. Effect of high maternal blood phenylalanine on offspring congenital anomalies and developmental outcome at ages 4 and 6 years: the importance of strict dietary control preconception and throughout pregnancy. J Pediatr. 2004;144(2):235–239. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2003.10.062.
34. Correa A, Botto L, Liu Y, et al. Do multivitamin supplements attenuate the risk for diabetes-associated birth defects? Pediatrics. 2003;111(5 pt 2):1146–1151.
35. Oyen N, Diaz LJ, Leirgul E, et al. Prepregnancy diabetes and offspring risk of congenital heart disease: a nationwide cohort study. Circulation. 2016;133(23):2243–2253. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017465.
36. Botto LD, Lynberg MC, Erickson JD. Congenital heart defects, maternal febrile illness, and multivitamin use: a populationbased study. Epidemiology. 2001;12(5):485–490. doi: 10.1097/00001648-200109000-00004.
37. Botto L, Panichello JD, Browne ML, et al. Congenital heart defects after maternal fever. Am J Obstetrics Gynecology. 2014;210(4):359. e1–359.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.880.
38. Brite J, Laughon SK, Troendle J, Mills J. Maternal overweight and obesity and risk of congenital heart defects in offspring. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014;38(6):878–882. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2013.244.
39. fda.gov [Internet]. The pregnancy and lactation labeling rule. [cited 2017 Apr 22]. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/downloads/aboutfda/workingatfda/fellowshipinternshipgraduate
40. facultyprograms/pharmacystudentexperientialprogramcder/ucm495961.pdf.
41. Law R, Bozzo P, Koren G, Einarson A. FDA pregnancy risk categories and the CPS: do they help or are they a hindrance? Can Fam Physician. 2010;56(3):239–241.
42. Geiger JM, Baudin M, Saurat JH. Teratogenic risk with etretinate and acitretin treatment. Dermatology. 1994;189(2):109–116. doi: 10.1159/000246811.
43. Botto LD, Loffredo C, Scanlon KS, et al. Vitamin A and cardiac outflow tract defects. Epidemiology. 2001;12(5):491–496. doi: 10.1097/00001648-200109000-00005.
44. Cooper WO, Hernandez-Diaz S, Arbogast PG, et al. Major congenital malformations after first-trimester exposure to ACE inhibitors. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(23):2443–2451. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa055202.
45. Molgaard-Nielsen D, Pasternak B, Hviid A. Use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(9):830–839. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1301066.
46. Hernandez-Diaz S, Werler MM, Walker AM, Mitchell AA. Folic acid antagonists during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(22):1608–1614. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200011303432204.
47. Czeizel AE, Rockenbauer M, Sorensen HT, Olsen J. The teratogenic risk of trimethoprim-sulfonamides: a population based case-control study. Reprod Toxicol. 2001;15(6):637–646. doi: 10.1016/s0890-6238(01)00178-2.
48. Ericson A, Kallen BA. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in early pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol. 2001;15(4):371–375. doi: 10.1016/s0890-6238(01)00137-x.
49. Wilson PD, Loffredo CA, Correa-Villasenor A, Ferencz C. Attributable fraction for cardiac malformations. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;148(5):414–423. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009666.
50. Van Gelder MHJ, Roeleveld N, Nordeng H. Exposure to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy and the risk of selected birth defects: a prospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e22174. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0022174.
51. Ferencz C, Correa-Villasenor A, Loffredo CA, Wilson PD. Genetic and environmental risk factors of major cardiovascular malformations: the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study: 1981–1989. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Co Inc.; 1998. 463 p.
52. Yang J, Qiu H, Qu P, et al. Prenatal alcohol exposure and congenital heart defects: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0130681. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130681.
53. Meyer KD, Zhang L. Short- and long-term adverse effects of cocaine abuse during pregnancy on the heart development. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2009;3(1):7–16. doi: 10.1177/1753944708099877.
54. Shaw GM, Malcoe LH, Lammer EJ, Swan SH. Maternal use of cocaine during pregnancy and congenital cardiac anomalies. J Pediatr. 1991;118(1):167–168. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81888-8.
55. Kuehl KS, Loffredo C. Risk factors for heart disease associated with abnormal sidedness. Teratology. 2002;66(5):242–248. doi: 10.1002/tera.10099.
56. Williams LJ, Correa A, Rasmussen S. Maternal lifestyle factors and risk for ventricular septal defects. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2004;70:59–64. doi: 10.1002/bdra.10145.
57. Alverson CJ, Strickland MJ, Gilboa SM, Correa A. Maternal smoking and congenital heart defects in the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study. J Pediatr. 2011;127(3):e647–e653. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010–1399.
58. Shaw GM, Nelson V, Iovannisci DM, et al. Maternal occupational chemical exposures and biotransformation genotypes as risk factors for selected congenital anomalies. Am J Epidemiol. 2003; 157(6):475–484. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwg013.
59. Dolk H, Nichols R. Evaluation of the impact of Chernobyl on the prevalence of congenital anomalies in 16 regions of Europe: EUROCAT Working Group. Int J Epidemiol. 1999;28(5):941–948. doi: 10.1093/ije/28.5.941.
60. Miller A, Riehle-Colarusso T, Siffel C, et al. Maternal age and prevalence of isolated congenital heart defects in an urban area of the United States. Am J Med Genet A. 2011;155A(9):2137–2145. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34130.
61. Carmichael SL, Shaw GM. Maternal life event stress and congenital anomalies. Epidemiology. 2000;11(1):30–35. doi: 10.1097/00001648-200001000-00008.
62. Su XJ, Yuan W, Huang GY, et al. Paternal age and offspring congenital heart defects: a national cohort study. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0121030. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121030.
63. Ewing CK, Loffredo CA, Beaty TH. Paternal risk factors for isolated membranous ventricular septal defects. Am J Med Genet. 1997;71(1):42–46. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19970711)71:1<42::aid-ajmg8>3.3.co;2-a.
64. Oyen N, Poulsen G, Boyd HA, et al. Recurrence of congenital heart defects in families. Circulation. 2009;120(4):295–301. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.857987.
65. Becker SM, Al Halees Z, Molina C, Paterson RM. Consanguinity and congenital heart disease in Saudi Arabia. Am J Med Genet. 2001;99(1):8–13. doi: 10.1002/1096-8628(20010215)99:1<8::aidajmg1116>3.0.co;2-u.
66. Herskind AM, Almind Pedersen D, Christensen K. Increased prevalence of congenital heart defects in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Circulation. 2013;128(11):1182–1188. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002453.
67. cdc.gov [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Mortality multiple cause microdata files, 2013: public-use data file and documentation: NHLBI tabulations [cited 2017 Apr 19]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/Vitalstatsonline.htm#Mortality_Multiple.
68. Oster ME, Lee KA, Honein MA, et al. Temporal trends in survival among infants with critical congenital heart defects. Pediatrics. 2013;131(5):e1502–1508. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012–3435.
69. Lindberg HL. Pediatric cardiac surgery and safety, in the past and in the future. Prog Pediatr Cardiol. 2012;33(1):11–13. doi: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2011.12.002.
70. sts.org [Internet]. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) national database: Congenital Heart Surgery Database participants [cited 2017 Mar 29]. Available from: http://www.sts.org/sites/default/files/documents/congenitalMap_2.pdf.
71. Khairy P, Ionescu-Ittu R, Mackie AS. Changing mortality in congenital heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(14): 1149–1157. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.03.085.
72. Gilboa SM, Salemi JL, Nembhard WN, et al. Mortality resulting from congenital heart disease among children and adults in the United States, 1999 to 2006. Circulation. 2010;122(22): 2254–2263. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.947002.
Для цитирования:
Саперова Е.В., Вахлова И.В. Врожденные пороки сердца у детей: распространенность, факторы риска, смертность. Вопросы современной педиатрии. 2017;16(2):126-133. https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v16i2.1713
For citation:
Saperova E.V., Vahlova I.V. Congenital Heart Diseases in Children: Incidence, Risk Factors, Mortality. Current Pediatrics. 2017;16(2):126-133. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v16i2.1713
Просмотров: 1645
Послать статью по эл. почте 
