EVIDENCE-BASED DATA ON EFFECTIVENESS OF LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS GG AND BIFIDOBACTERIUM LACTIS ВB-12 IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE
Abstract
Prophylactic and therapeutic administration of prebiotics in treatment of different disorders is used very often nowadays. However, this kind of a treatment confirmed its efficacy in only several diseases. The review presents the data on efficacy of two probiotic microorganisms (L. rhamnosus GG and B. lactis Вb-12) in pediatric practice. Author summarizes and analyzes existing evidence-based data on efficacy of probiotics in treatment of acute diarrhea, prophylaxis of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and nosocomial infections. L. rhamnosus GG and B. lactis Вb-12 have their own place in prophylaxis of infections of airways and gastrointestinal tract. Administration of probiotics for treatment and prophylaxis of allergic and other diseases is reviewed. Safety of probiotics is described as well.
About the Author
I. V. Andreyeva
Scientific Center of Antimicrobal Chemotherapy, Smolensk State Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
References
1. Reid G. Regulatory and clinical aspects of dairy probiotics. FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. — Cordoba, Argentina, 2001. — С. 1–34.
2. World Gastroenterology Organization practice guideline: Probiotics and prebiotics // Arab. J. Gastroenterology. — 2009; 10 (1): 33–42.
3. Holzapfel W. H., Haberer P., Geisen R. et al. Taxonomy and important features of probiotic microorganisms in food and nutrition // Am. J. Clin. Nutr. — 2001; 73 (2): 365–73.
4. Salminen S., Benno Y., de Vos W. Intestinal colonisation, microbiota and future probiotics? // Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. — 2006; 15 (4): 558–62.
5. Van der Waaij D. Colonization resistance of the digestive tract — mechanism and clinical consequences // Nahrung. — 1987; 31 (5–6): 507–17.
6. Silva M., Jacobus N. V., Deneke C. et al. Antimicrobial substance from a human Lactobacillus strain // Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother. — 1987; 31 (8): 1231–3.
7. Gorbach S. L., Goldin B. R. Lactobacillus strains and methods of selection // US Patent. N 4839281.
8. Conway P. L., Gorbach S. L., Goldin B. R. Survival of lactic acid bacteria in the human stomach and adhesion to intestinal cells // J. Dairy. Sci. — 1987; 70 (1): 1–12.
9. Reid G., Jass J., Sebulski M. T. et al. Potential uses of probiotics in clinical practice // Clin. Microbiol. Rev. — 2003; 16 (4): 658–72.
10. Guandalini S., Pensabene L., Zikri M. A. et al. Lactobacillus GG administered in oral rehydration solution to children with acute diarrhea: a multicenter European trial // J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. — 2000; 30: 54–60.
11. Shornikova A. V., Isolauri E., Burkanova L. et al. A trial in the Karelian Republic of oral rehydration and Lactobacillus GG for treatment of acute diarrhea // Acta. Paediatr. — 1997; 86 (5): 460–5.
12. Raza S., Graham S. M., Allen S. J. et al. Lactobacillus GG promotes recovery from acute nonbloody diarrhea in Pakistan // Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. — 1995; 14 (2): 107–11.
13. Huang J., Bousvaros A., Lee J. et al. Efficacy of probiotic use in acute diarrhea in children, a meta-analysis // Dig. Dis. Sci. — 2002; 47 (11): 2625–34.
14. Van Niel C. W., Feudtner C., Garrison M. M. et al. Lactobacillus therapy for acute infectious diarrhea in children: a metaanalysis // Pediatrics. — 2002; 109 (4): 678–84.
15. Saavedra J. M., Abi-Hanna A., Moore N. et al. Long-term consumption of infant formulas containing live probiotic bacteria: tolerance and safety // Am. J. Clin. Nutr. — 2004; 79 (2): 261–7.
16. Szajewska H., Kotowska M., Mrukowicz J. Z. et al. Efficacy of Lactobacillus GG in prevention of nosocomial diarrhea in infants // J. Pediatr. — 2001; 138 (3): 361–5.
17. Hojsak I., Abdovic S., Szajewska H. et al. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of nosocomial gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections // Pediatrics. — 2010; 125 (5): е1171–7.
18. McFarland L. V. Diarrhea acquired in the hospital // Gastroenterol. Clin. North. Am. 1993; 22: 563–77.
19. Plummer S., Weawer M., Dee P. et al. Clostridium difficile pilot study: effects of probiotic supplementation on the incidence of C. difficile diarrhea // Int. Мicrobiоl. — 2004; 7 (1): 59–62.
20. D'Souza A. L., Rajkumar C., Cooke J. et al. Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis // BMJ. — 2002; 324 (7350): 1361.
21. Arvola T., Laiho K., Torkkeli S. et al. Prophylactic Lactobacillus GG reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children with respiratory infections: a randomized study // Pediatrics. — 1999; 104 (5): e64.
22. Vanderhoof J. A., Whitney D. B., Antonson D. L. et al. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children // J. Pediatr. — 1999; 135 (5): 564–8.
23. Johnston B. C., Supina A. L., Vohra S. Probiotics for pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials // CMAJ. — 2006; 175 (4): 377–83.
24. Szajewska H., Ruszczynski M., Radzikowski A. Probiotics in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials // J. Pediatr. — 2006; 149 (3): 367–72.
25. Johnston B. C., Supina A. L., Ospina M. et al. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. — 2007; (2): CD004827.
26. Isolauri E. Dietary modification of atopic disease: Use of probiotics in the prevention of atopic dermatitis // Curr. Allergy. Asthma. Rep. — 2004; 4 (4): 270–5.
27. Schmidt W. P. Model of the epidemic of childhood atopy // Med. Sci. Monit. — 2004; 10 (2): HY5.
28. Kalliomaki M., Isolauri E. Role of intestinal flora in the development of allergy // Curr. Opin. Allergy. Clin. Immunol. — 2003; 3 (1): 15–20.
29. Rosenfeldt V., Benfeldt E., Valerius N. H. et al. Effect of probiotics on gastrointestinal symptoms and small intestinal permeability in children with atopic dermatitis // J. Pediatr. — 2004; 145 (5): 612–6.
30. Majamaa H., Isolauri E. Probiotics: a novel approach in the management of food allergy // J. Allergy. Clin. Immunol. — 1997; 99 (2): 179–85.
31. Research suggests potential role for probiotics in treating allergy // Infect. Dis. Childr. — 2003; 3: 72.
32. Kalliomaki M., Salminen S., Poussa T. et al. Probiotics and prevention of atopic disease: 4-year follow-up of a randomised placebo-controlled trial // Lancet. — 2003; 361 (9372): 1869–71.
33. Rautava S., Kalliomaki M., Isolauri E. Probiotics during pregnancy and breast-feeding might confer immnomodulatory protection against atopic disease in the infant // J. Allergy. Clin. Immunol. — 2002; 109 (1): 119–21.
34. Hanifin J. M., Cooper K. D., Ho V. C. et al. Guidelines of care for atopic dermatitis, developed in accordance with the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) / American Academy of Dermatology Association «Administrative Regulations for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines» // J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. — 2004; 50 (3): 391–404.
35. Isolauri E., Arvola T., Sutas Y. et al. Probiotics in the management of atopic eczema // Clin. Exp. Allergy. — 2000; 30 (11): 1604–10.
36. Viljanen M., Savilahti E., Haahtela T. et al. Probiotics in the treatment of atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome in infants: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial // Allergy. — 2005; 60 (4): 494–500.
37. Collet J. P., Burtin P., Gillet J. еt аl. Risk of infectious diseases in children attending different types of day-care setting // Respiration 1994; 61 (Suppl. 1): 16–9.
38. Nafstad P., Hagen J. A., Oie L. et al. Day care centers and respiratory health // Pediatrics. — 1999; 103: 753–8.
39. Hatakka K., Savilahti E., Ponka A. et al. Effect of long term consumption of probiotic milk on infections in children attending day care centres: double blind, randomised trial // BMJ. — 2001; 322 (7298): 1327.
40. Hojsak I., Snovak N., Abdovic S. et al. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections in children who attend day care centers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial // Clin. Nutr. — 2010; 29 (3): 312–6.
41. Rautava S., Arvilommi H., Isolauri E. Specific probiotics in enhancing maturation of IgA responses in formula-fed infants // Pediatr. Res. — 2006; 60 (2): 221–4.
42. Rautava S., Salminen S., Isolauri E. Specific probiotics in reducing the risk of acute infections in infancy — a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study // Br. J. Nutr. — 2009; 101 (11): 1722–6.
43. Taipale T., Pienihakkinen K., Isolauri E. et al. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb-12 in reducing the risk of infections in infancy // Br. J. Nutr. — 2010; 24: 1–7.
44. Loesche W. J. Microbiology of dental decay and periodontal disease. In: Baron’s Medical Microbiology (4th Ed). — University of Texas Medical Branch, 1996.
45. Nase L., Hatakka K., Savilahti E. et al. Effect of long-term consumption of a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, in milk on dental caries and caries risk in children // Caries. Res. — 2001; 35 (6): 412–20.
46. Guidelines for the Evaluation of Probiotics in Food. Joint FAO/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organisation)/Working Group. London, Ontario, Canada, 2002.
47. Mackay A. D., Taylor M. B., Kibbler C. C. et al. Lactobacillus endocarditis caused by a probiotic organism // Clin. Microbiol. Infect. — 1999; 5: 290–2.
48. Rautio M., Jousimies-Somer H., Kauma H. et al. Liver abscess due to a Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain indistinguishable from L. rhamnosus strain GG // Clin. Infect. Dis. — 1999; 28: 1159–60.
49. Salminen M. K., Rautelin H., Tynkkynen S. et al. Lactobacillus bacteremia, clinical significance, and patient outcome, with special focus on probiotic L. rhamnosus GG // Clin. Infect. Dis. — 2004; 38 (1): 62–9.
50. Land M. H., Rouster-Stevens K., Woods C. R. et al. Lactobacillus sepsis associated with probiotic therapy // Pediatrics. — 2005; 115 (1): 178–81.
51. De Groote M. A., Frank D. N., Dowell E. et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG bacteremia associated with probiotic use in a child with short gut syndrome // Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. — 2005; 24 (3): 278–80.
52. Robin F., Paillard C., Marchandin H. et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus meningitis following recurrent episodes of bacteremia in a child undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation // J. Clin. Microbiol. — 2010; 48 (11): 4317–9.
53. Luong M. L., Sareyyupoglu B., Nguyen M. H. et al. Lactobacillus probiotic use in cardiothoracic transplant recipients: a link to invasive Lactobacillus infection? // Transpl. Infect. Dis. — 2010; 12 (6): 561–4.
54. Salminen M. K., Tynkkynen S., Rautelin H. et al. Lactobacillus bacteremia during a rapid increase in probiotic use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in Finland // Clin. Infect. Dis. — 2002; 35 (10): 1155–60.
Review
For citations:
Andreyeva I.V. EVIDENCE-BASED DATA ON EFFECTIVENESS OF LACTOBACILLUS RHAMNOSUS GG AND BIFIDOBACTERIUM LACTIS ВB-12 IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE. Current Pediatrics. 2011;10(1):50-57. (In Russ.)
Views:
1896
Email this article 
