Современные представления о роли эпидермального барьера в развитии атопического фенотипа у детей

Эпидермальный барьер является одной из важнейших структур кожи, которая отвечает за защитную функцию, обеспечивая постоянство внутренней среды организма за счет избирательного транспорта ионов и молекул и регуляции уровня трансэпидермальной потери воды. Биохимическую основу эпидермального барьера составляют сложные, интегрированные и сбалансированные молекулярные процессы, приводящие к гибели кератиноцитов путем их терминальной дифференцировки с заменой плазматической мембраны жестким нерастворимым макромолекулярным роговым слоем. Филаггрин и белки плотных соединений (tight junctions, TJs) являются важными структурными компонентами эпидермального барьера. Филаггрин после гидролиза способствует поддержанию pH, сохранению воды и защите кожи от микробных агентов. В свою очередь, белки TJ с активной экспрессией регулируют проницаемость эпидермиса, обеспечивая создание барьера к антигенам внешней среды.

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