СКРЫТЫЕ ОПАСНОСТИ ПРИ ВВЕДЕНИИ ИСКУССТВЕННОЙ СМЕСИ В РАЦИОН РЕБЕНКА: ПУТИ МИНИМИЗАЦИИ НЕГАТИВНЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЙ

Грудное вскармливание оказывает протективное влияние в отношении ряда заболеваний как в кратко-, так и в долгосрочной перспективе. Напротив, искусственное вскармливание, и в особенности раннее введение детских молочных смесей (ДМС), сопряжено с повышенным риском инфекционных заболеваний, а также служит фактором риска развития в последующей жизни метаболического синдрома, сахарного диабета 1-го типа, сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Активно обсуждается роль непереносимости белка коровьего молока в трансформации пищевой аллергии в другие формы атопических заболеваний, что получило название «аллергического марша». В статье обсуждается защитная роль длительного исключительно естественного вскармливания, значение влияния ранней диеты на здоровье человека на популяционном уровне, а также обозначены возможные пути минимизации негативных последствий при введении ДМС. Хорошо известно, что, несмотря на близость «табличного» состава, различные ДМС переносятся детьми по-разному. Этот факт чаще всего связан с белковым компонентом смесей, поскольку он является наиболее уязвимым при технологической обработке сырья. При воздействии высоких температур и давления, которые применяются всеми производителями в процессе создания ДМС, происходит денатурация белка. Денатурированный белок приобретает ряд свойств, которые могут изменять его усвоение и переносимость. Знание этих особенностей помогает ведущим производителям выпускать ДМС с высоким качеством белкового компонента.

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