Роль факторов питания в организации сна детей раннего возраста

Организованный режим сна ребенка первого года жизни является важной составляющей нормального индивидуального развития. Напротив, беспокойный сон, частые пробуждения, длительное бодрствование способны приводить к отклонениям в физическом, психомоторном, когнитивном развитии. Для предупреждения и коррекции этих нарушений полезными могут быть режимы кормления, организованные с учетом времени суток и циркадианных ритмов (концепция хронопитания). Известно о влиянии на созревание и консолидацию сна младенцев таких факторов питания, как кормление перед ночным сном, использование в темное время суток продуктов питания, обогащенных триптофаном и нуклеотидами. Показана также связь микробиоты кишечника с факторами, влияющими на циркадианно-метаболическую активность организма: циклами дня/ночи, сна/бодрствования, диетой и режимом питания. Целенаправленная регуляция кишечной микробиоты с помощью продуктов, обогащенных функциональными компонентами — пребиотиками, может способствовать формированию здорового сна у детей раннего возраста через ось «мозг - кишечник - микробиота».

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